BEGIN; BEGIN EXPLAIN (ANALYZE, BUFFERS) select n_name, sum(l_extendedprice * (1 - l_discount)) as revenue from customer, orders, lineitem, supplier, nation, region where c_custkey = o_custkey and l_orderkey = o_orderkey and l_suppkey = s_suppkey and c_nationkey = s_nationkey and s_nationkey = n_nationkey and n_regionkey = r_regionkey and r_name = 'MIDDLE EAST' and o_orderdate >= date '1993-01-01' and o_orderdate < date '1993-01-01' + interval '1 year' group by n_name order by revenue desc; QUERY PLAN ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Sort (cost=1873914.19..1873914.25 rows=25 width=34) (actual time=16109.501..16109.502 rows=5 loops=1) Sort Key: (sum((lineitem.l_extendedprice * (1::double precision - lineitem.l_discount)))) Sort Method: quicksort Memory: 25kB Buffers: shared hit=2267784 read=455164 dirtied=431 written=668 -> HashAggregate (cost=1873913.36..1873913.61 rows=25 width=34) (actual time=16109.416..16109.419 rows=5 loops=1) Group Key: nation.n_name Buffers: shared hit=2267781 read=455164 dirtied=431 written=668 -> Hash Join (cost=93638.43..1873177.86 rows=73550 width=34) (actual time=2527.723..16023.139 rows=73652 loops=1) Hash Cond: ((lineitem.l_suppkey = supplier.s_suppkey) AND (customer.c_nationkey = supplier.s_nationkey)) Buffers: shared hit=2267781 read=455164 dirtied=431 written=668 -> Nested Loop (cost=88959.43..1853973.10 rows=1838702 width=46) (actual time=2464.328..14706.243 rows=1823744 loops=1) Buffers: shared hit=2265599 read=455164 dirtied=431 written=668 -> Hash Join (cost=88958.86..392463.11 rows=459790 width=38) (actual time=2464.286..7029.875 rows=455938 loops=1) Hash Cond: (orders.o_custkey = customer.c_custkey) Buffers: shared hit=292942 read=115567 dirtied=254 written=158 -> Bitmap Heap Scan on orders (cost=49916.69..340201.97 rows=2298952 width=8) (actual time=1323.882..3992.190 rows=2279336 loops=1) Recheck Cond: ((o_orderdate >= '1993-01-01'::date) AND (o_orderdate < '1994-01-01 00:00:00'::timestamp without time zone)) Heap Blocks: exact=255789 Buffers: shared hit=182890 read=79463 dirtied=254 written=95 -> Bitmap Index Scan on orders_o_orderdate_o_orderkey_idx (cost=0.00..49341.96 rows=2298952 width=0) (actual time=1184.935..1184.935 rows=2299442 loops=1) Index Cond: ((o_orderdate >= '1993-01-01'::date) AND (o_orderdate < '1994-01-01 00:00:00'::timestamp without time zone)) Buffers: shared read=6564 written=2 -> Hash (cost=35292.17..35292.17 rows=300000 width=38) (actual time=1136.877..1136.877 rows=299838 loops=1) Buckets: 524288 Batches: 1 Memory Usage: 25179kB Buffers: shared hit=110052 read=36104 written=63 -> Nested Loop (cost=905.25..35292.17 rows=300000 width=38) (actual time=19.468..1026.748 rows=299838 loops=1) Buffers: shared hit=110052 read=36104 written=63 -> Nested Loop (cost=0.14..13.95 rows=5 width=30) (actual time=0.045..0.106 rows=5 loops=1) Join Filter: (nation.n_regionkey = region.r_regionkey) Rows Removed by Join Filter: 20 Buffers: shared hit=3 -> Index Scan using pk_nation on nation (cost=0.14..12.51 rows=25 width=34) (actual time=0.009..0.038 rows=25 loops=1) Buffers: shared hit=2 -> Materialize (cost=0.00..1.07 rows=1 width=4) (actual time=0.001..0.001 rows=1 loops=25) Buffers: shared hit=1 -> Seq Scan on region (cost=0.00..1.06 rows=1 width=4) (actual time=0.014..0.014 rows=1 loops=1) Filter: (r_name = 'MIDDLE EAST'::bpchar) Rows Removed by Filter: 4 Buffers: shared hit=1 -> Bitmap Heap Scan on customer (cost=905.11..6455.64 rows=60000 width=8) (actual time=17.527..192.498 rows=59968 loops=5) Recheck Cond: (c_nationkey = nation.n_nationkey) Heap Blocks: exact=145317 Buffers: shared hit=110049 read=36104 written=63 -> Bitmap Index Scan on customer_c_nationkey_c_custkey_idx (cost=0.00..890.11 rows=60000 width=0) (actual time=11.457..11.457 rows=59968 loops=5) Index Cond: (c_nationkey = nation.n_nationkey) Buffers: shared hit=5 read=831 written=2 -> Index Scan using pk_lineitem on lineitem (cost=0.56..3.03 rows=15 width=16) (actual time=0.014..0.015 rows=4 loops=455938) Index Cond: (l_orderkey = orders.o_orderkey) Buffers: shared hit=1972657 read=339597 dirtied=177 written=510 -> Hash (cost=3179.00..3179.00 rows=100000 width=8) (actual time=62.322..62.322 rows=100000 loops=1) Buckets: 131072 Batches: 1 Memory Usage: 4931kB Buffers: shared hit=2179 -> Seq Scan on supplier (cost=0.00..3179.00 rows=100000 width=8) (actual time=0.011..37.158 rows=100000 loops=1) Buffers: shared hit=2179 Planning time: 7.213 ms Execution time: 16112.226 ms (56 rows) COMMIT; COMMIT