BEGIN; BEGIN EXPLAIN (ANALYZE, BUFFERS) select n_name, sum(l_extendedprice * (1 - l_discount)) as revenue from customer, orders, lineitem, supplier, nation, region where c_custkey = o_custkey and l_orderkey = o_orderkey and l_suppkey = s_suppkey and c_nationkey = s_nationkey and s_nationkey = n_nationkey and n_regionkey = r_regionkey and r_name = 'MIDDLE EAST' and o_orderdate >= date '1996-01-01' and o_orderdate < date '1996-01-01' + interval '1 year' group by n_name order by revenue desc; QUERY PLAN ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Sort (cost=1869521.89..1869521.95 rows=25 width=34) (actual time=18698.839..18698.839 rows=5 loops=1) Sort Key: (sum((lineitem.l_extendedprice * (1::double precision - lineitem.l_discount)))) Sort Method: quicksort Memory: 25kB Buffers: shared hit=2314168 read=410174 dirtied=213 written=201 -> HashAggregate (cost=1869521.06..1869521.31 rows=25 width=34) (actual time=18698.757..18698.759 rows=5 loops=1) Group Key: nation.n_name Buffers: shared hit=2314165 read=410174 dirtied=213 written=201 -> Hash Join (cost=92906.97..1868783.18 rows=73788 width=34) (actual time=3218.216..18604.833 rows=72737 loops=1) Hash Cond: ((lineitem.l_suppkey = supplier.s_suppkey) AND (customer.c_nationkey = supplier.s_nationkey)) Buffers: shared hit=2314165 read=410174 dirtied=213 written=201 -> Nested Loop (cost=88227.97..1849531.08 rows=1844695 width=46) (actual time=3104.685..17366.905 rows=1826155 loops=1) Buffers: shared hit=2311983 read=410174 dirtied=213 written=201 -> Hash Join (cost=88227.41..390872.62 rows=461284 width=38) (actual time=3104.630..8036.992 rows=456488 loops=1) Hash Cond: (orders.o_custkey = customer.c_custkey) Buffers: shared hit=319381 read=87857 written=100 -> Bitmap Heap Scan on orders (cost=49185.24..338568.54 rows=2306420 width=8) (actual time=1915.088..5070.854 rows=2283972 loops=1) Recheck Cond: ((o_orderdate >= '1996-01-01'::date) AND (o_orderdate < '1997-01-01 00:00:00'::timestamp without time zone)) Heap Blocks: exact=254770 Buffers: shared hit=174068 read=87014 written=66 -> Bitmap Index Scan on orders_o_orderdate_o_orderkey_idx (cost=0.00..48608.63 rows=2306420 width=0) (actual time=1736.062..1736.062 rows=2295345 loops=1) Index Cond: ((o_orderdate >= '1996-01-01'::date) AND (o_orderdate < '1997-01-01 00:00:00'::timestamp without time zone)) Buffers: shared hit=337 read=5975 written=16 -> Hash (cost=35292.17..35292.17 rows=300000 width=38) (actual time=1184.962..1184.962 rows=299838 loops=1) Buckets: 524288 Batches: 1 Memory Usage: 25179kB Buffers: shared hit=145313 read=843 written=34 -> Nested Loop (cost=905.25..35292.17 rows=300000 width=38) (actual time=30.899..998.724 rows=299838 loops=1) Buffers: shared hit=145313 read=843 written=34 -> Nested Loop (cost=0.14..13.95 rows=5 width=30) (actual time=0.061..0.134 rows=5 loops=1) Join Filter: (nation.n_regionkey = region.r_regionkey) Rows Removed by Join Filter: 20 Buffers: shared hit=3 -> Index Scan using pk_nation on nation (cost=0.14..12.51 rows=25 width=34) (actual time=0.012..0.042 rows=25 loops=1) Buffers: shared hit=2 -> Materialize (cost=0.00..1.07 rows=1 width=4) (actual time=0.001..0.002 rows=1 loops=25) Buffers: shared hit=1 -> Seq Scan on region (cost=0.00..1.06 rows=1 width=4) (actual time=0.021..0.022 rows=1 loops=1) Filter: (r_name = 'MIDDLE EAST'::bpchar) Rows Removed by Filter: 4 Buffers: shared hit=1 -> Bitmap Heap Scan on customer (cost=905.11..6455.64 rows=60000 width=8) (actual time=27.615..176.375 rows=59968 loops=5) Recheck Cond: (c_nationkey = nation.n_nationkey) Heap Blocks: exact=145317 Buffers: shared hit=145310 read=843 written=34 -> Bitmap Index Scan on customer_c_nationkey_c_custkey_idx (cost=0.00..890.11 rows=60000 width=0) (actual time=18.548..18.548 rows=59968 loops=5) Index Cond: (c_nationkey = nation.n_nationkey) Buffers: shared hit=11 read=825 written=34 -> Index Scan using lineitem_l_orderkey_idx on lineitem (cost=0.56..3.01 rows=15 width=16) (actual time=0.017..0.019 rows=4 loops=456488) Index Cond: (l_orderkey = orders.o_orderkey) Buffers: shared hit=1992602 read=322317 dirtied=213 written=101 -> Hash (cost=3179.00..3179.00 rows=100000 width=8) (actual time=110.300..110.300 rows=100000 loops=1) Buckets: 131072 Batches: 1 Memory Usage: 4931kB Buffers: shared hit=2179 -> Seq Scan on supplier (cost=0.00..3179.00 rows=100000 width=8) (actual time=0.019..65.531 rows=100000 loops=1) Buffers: shared hit=2179 Planning time: 10.414 ms Execution time: 18702.102 ms (56 rows) COMMIT; COMMIT