BEGIN; BEGIN EXPLAIN (ANALYZE, BUFFERS) select n_name, sum(l_extendedprice * (1 - l_discount)) as revenue from customer, orders, lineitem, supplier, nation, region where c_custkey = o_custkey and l_orderkey = o_orderkey and l_suppkey = s_suppkey and c_nationkey = s_nationkey and s_nationkey = n_nationkey and n_regionkey = r_regionkey and r_name = 'EUROPE' and o_orderdate >= date '1994-01-01' and o_orderdate < date '1994-01-01' + interval '1 year' group by n_name order by revenue desc; QUERY PLAN ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Sort (cost=1865341.13..1865341.19 rows=25 width=34) (actual time=13102.416..13102.417 rows=5 loops=1) Sort Key: (sum((lineitem.l_extendedprice * (1::double precision - lineitem.l_discount)))) Sort Method: quicksort Memory: 25kB Buffers: shared hit=2360089 read=370273 dirtied=19 written=1082 -> HashAggregate (cost=1865340.30..1865340.55 rows=25 width=34) (actual time=13102.356..13102.357 rows=5 loops=1) Group Key: nation.n_name Buffers: shared hit=2360086 read=370273 dirtied=19 written=1082 -> Hash Join (cost=93031.88..1864612.89 rows=72741 width=34) (actual time=1711.435..13022.918 rows=73366 loops=1) Hash Cond: ((lineitem.l_suppkey = supplier.s_suppkey) AND (customer.c_nationkey = supplier.s_nationkey)) Buffers: shared hit=2360086 read=370273 dirtied=19 written=1082 -> Nested Loop (cost=88352.88..1845553.59 rows=1820385 width=46) (actual time=1647.299..12316.177 rows=1830867 loops=1) Buffers: shared hit=2357904 read=370273 dirtied=19 written=1082 -> Hash Join (cost=88352.31..390875.75 rows=455214 width=38) (actual time=1647.220..4993.653 rows=457492 loops=1) Hash Cond: (orders.o_custkey = customer.c_custkey) Buffers: shared hit=352903 read=55089 dirtied=19 written=243 -> Bitmap Heap Scan on orders (cost=49310.14..338746.18 rows=2276069 width=8) (actual time=858.334..3280.295 rows=2278283 loops=1) Recheck Cond: ((o_orderdate >= '1994-01-01'::date) AND (o_orderdate < '1995-01-01 00:00:00'::timestamp without time zone)) Heap Blocks: exact=255273 Buffers: shared hit=207657 read=54158 dirtied=19 written=225 -> Bitmap Index Scan on orders_o_orderdate_o_orderkey_idx (cost=0.00..48741.12 rows=2276069 width=0) (actual time=773.946..773.946 rows=2294243 loops=1) Index Cond: ((o_orderdate >= '1994-01-01'::date) AND (o_orderdate < '1995-01-01 00:00:00'::timestamp without time zone)) Buffers: shared hit=298 read=6244 written=77 -> Hash (cost=35292.17..35292.17 rows=300000 width=38) (actual time=786.547..786.547 rows=300963 loops=1) Buckets: 524288 Batches: 1 Memory Usage: 25258kB Buffers: shared hit=145246 read=931 written=18 -> Nested Loop (cost=905.25..35292.17 rows=300000 width=38) (actual time=19.858..682.546 rows=300963 loops=1) Buffers: shared hit=145246 read=931 written=18 -> Nested Loop (cost=0.14..13.95 rows=5 width=30) (actual time=0.050..0.110 rows=5 loops=1) Join Filter: (nation.n_regionkey = region.r_regionkey) Rows Removed by Join Filter: 20 Buffers: shared hit=3 -> Index Scan using pk_nation on nation (cost=0.14..12.51 rows=25 width=34) (actual time=0.008..0.031 rows=25 loops=1) Buffers: shared hit=2 -> Materialize (cost=0.00..1.07 rows=1 width=4) (actual time=0.001..0.002 rows=1 loops=25) Buffers: shared hit=1 -> Seq Scan on region (cost=0.00..1.06 rows=1 width=4) (actual time=0.016..0.016 rows=1 loops=1) Filter: (r_name = 'EUROPE'::bpchar) Rows Removed by Filter: 4 Buffers: shared hit=1 -> Bitmap Heap Scan on customer (cost=905.11..6455.64 rows=60000 width=8) (actual time=18.067..123.812 rows=60193 loops=5) Recheck Cond: (c_nationkey = nation.n_nationkey) Heap Blocks: exact=145336 Buffers: shared hit=145243 read=931 written=18 -> Bitmap Index Scan on customer_c_nationkey_c_custkey_idx (cost=0.00..890.11 rows=60000 width=0) (actual time=11.832..11.832 rows=60193 loops=5) Index Cond: (c_nationkey = nation.n_nationkey) Buffers: shared hit=6 read=832 written=16 -> Index Scan using pk_lineitem on lineitem (cost=0.56..3.05 rows=15 width=16) (actual time=0.013..0.015 rows=4 loops=457492) Index Cond: (l_orderkey = orders.o_orderkey) Buffers: shared hit=2005001 read=315184 written=839 -> Hash (cost=3179.00..3179.00 rows=100000 width=8) (actual time=63.363..63.363 rows=100000 loops=1) Buckets: 131072 Batches: 1 Memory Usage: 4931kB Buffers: shared hit=2179 -> Seq Scan on supplier (cost=0.00..3179.00 rows=100000 width=8) (actual time=0.009..38.252 rows=100000 loops=1) Buffers: shared hit=2179 Planning time: 7.182 ms Execution time: 13104.165 ms (56 rows) COMMIT; COMMIT