BEGIN; BEGIN EXPLAIN (ANALYZE, BUFFERS) select n_name, sum(l_extendedprice * (1 - l_discount)) as revenue from customer, orders, lineitem, supplier, nation, region where c_custkey = o_custkey and l_orderkey = o_orderkey and l_suppkey = s_suppkey and c_nationkey = s_nationkey and s_nationkey = n_nationkey and n_regionkey = r_regionkey and r_name = 'MIDDLE EAST' and o_orderdate >= date '1993-01-01' and o_orderdate < date '1993-01-01' + interval '1 year' group by n_name order by revenue desc; QUERY PLAN ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Sort (cost=2423707.11..2423707.17 rows=25 width=34) (actual time=72093.034..72093.035 rows=5 loops=1) Sort Key: (sum((lineitem.l_extendedprice * (1::double precision - lineitem.l_discount)))) Sort Method: quicksort Memory: 25kB Buffers: shared hit=618743 read=857133 dirtied=253 written=974 -> HashAggregate (cost=2423706.28..2423706.53 rows=25 width=34) (actual time=72092.937..72092.937 rows=5 loops=1) Buffers: shared hit=618740 read=857133 dirtied=253 written=974 -> Hash Join (cost=398558.36..2422979.68 rows=72660 width=34) (actual time=14043.320..71967.705 rows=73611 loops=1) Hash Cond: ((lineitem.l_suppkey = supplier.s_suppkey) AND (customer.c_nationkey = supplier.s_nationkey)) Buffers: shared hit=618740 read=857133 dirtied=253 written=974 -> Hash Join (cost=393879.36..2381203.50 rows=1818529 width=46) (actual time=13931.138..68231.833 rows=1822756 loops=1) Hash Cond: (lineitem.l_orderkey = orders.o_orderkey) Buffers: shared hit=616558 read=857133 dirtied=253 written=974 -> Seq Scan on lineitem (cost=0.00..1668607.89 rows=60106189 width=16) (actual time=0.032..14989.464 rows=60045603 loops=1) Buffers: shared hit=463147 read=604399 -> Hash (cost=388195.16..388195.16 rows=454736 width=38) (actual time=13930.268..13930.268 rows=455770 loops=1) Buckets: 65536 Batches: 1 Memory Usage: 32047kB Buffers: shared hit=153411 read=252734 dirtied=253 written=974 -> Hash Join (cost=87241.32..388195.16 rows=454736 width=38) (actual time=2479.552..13277.504 rows=455770 loops=1) Hash Cond: (orders.o_custkey = customer.c_custkey) Buffers: shared hit=153411 read=252734 dirtied=253 written=974 -> Bitmap Heap Scan on orders (cost=48199.10..336079.29 rows=2273679 width=8) (actual time=1483.836..5792.501 rows=2278999 loops=1) Recheck Cond: ((o_orderdate >= '1993-01-01'::date) AND (o_orderdate < '1994-01-01 00:00:00'::timestamp without time zone)) Buffers: shared hit=8085 read=251903 dirtied=253 written=974 -> Bitmap Index Scan on orders_o_orderdate_o_orderkey_idx (cost=0.00..47630.69 rows=2273679 width=0) (actual time=1389.343..1389.343 rows=2281190 loops=1) Index Cond: ((o_orderdate >= '1993-01-01'::date) AND (o_orderdate < '1994-01-01 00:00:00'::timestamp without time zone)) Buffers: shared hit=325 read=5900 -> Hash (cost=35292.22..35292.22 rows=300000 width=38) (actual time=994.107..994.107 rows=299838 loops=1) Buckets: 32768 Batches: 1 Memory Usage: 21083kB Buffers: shared hit=145326 read=831 -> Nested Loop (cost=905.09..35292.22 rows=300000 width=38) (actual time=39.946..818.810 rows=299838 loops=1) Buffers: shared hit=145326 read=831 -> Nested Loop (cost=0.00..14.07 rows=5 width=30) (actual time=0.068..0.164 rows=5 loops=1) Join Filter: (nation.n_regionkey = region.r_regionkey) Rows Removed by Join Filter: 20 Buffers: shared hit=3 -> Index Scan using pk_nation on nation (cost=0.00..12.63 rows=25 width=34) (actual time=0.017..0.048 rows=25 loops=1) Buffers: shared hit=2 -> Materialize (cost=0.00..1.07 rows=1 width=4) (actual time=0.002..0.002 rows=1 loops=25) Buffers: shared hit=1 -> Seq Scan on region (cost=0.00..1.06 rows=1 width=4) (actual time=0.026..0.026 rows=1 loops=1) Filter: (r_name = 'MIDDLE EAST'::bpchar) Rows Removed by Filter: 4 Buffers: shared hit=1 -> Bitmap Heap Scan on customer (cost=905.09..6455.63 rows=60000 width=8) (actual time=31.383..145.937 rows=59968 loops=5) Recheck Cond: (c_nationkey = nation.n_nationkey) Buffers: shared hit=145323 read=831 -> Bitmap Index Scan on customer_c_nationkey_c_custkey_idx (cost=0.00..890.09 rows=60000 width=0) (actual time=20.256..20.256 rows=59968 loops=5) Index Cond: (c_nationkey = nation.n_nationkey) Buffers: shared hit=6 read=831 -> Hash (cost=3179.00..3179.00 rows=100000 width=8) (actual time=111.861..111.861 rows=100000 loops=1) Buckets: 16384 Batches: 1 Memory Usage: 3907kB Buffers: shared hit=2179 -> Seq Scan on supplier (cost=0.00..3179.00 rows=100000 width=8) (actual time=0.010..62.013 rows=100000 loops=1) Buffers: shared hit=2179 Total runtime: 72110.705 ms (55 rows) COMMIT; COMMIT