BEGIN; BEGIN EXPLAIN (ANALYZE, BUFFERS) select n_name, sum(l_extendedprice * (1 - l_discount)) as revenue from customer, orders, lineitem, supplier, nation, region where c_custkey = o_custkey and l_orderkey = o_orderkey and l_suppkey = s_suppkey and c_nationkey = s_nationkey and s_nationkey = n_nationkey and n_regionkey = r_regionkey and r_name = 'MIDDLE EAST' and o_orderdate >= date '1995-01-01' and o_orderdate < date '1995-01-01' + interval '1 year' group by n_name order by revenue desc; QUERY PLAN ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Sort (cost=2448461.78..2448461.84 rows=25 width=34) (actual time=69974.595..69974.596 rows=5 loops=1) Sort Key: (sum((lineitem.l_extendedprice * (1::double precision - lineitem.l_discount)))) Sort Method: quicksort Memory: 25kB Buffers: shared hit=1119602 read=369796 dirtied=252 written=6 -> HashAggregate (cost=2448460.95..2448461.20 rows=25 width=34) (actual time=69974.505..69974.508 rows=5 loops=1) Buffers: shared hit=1119599 read=369796 dirtied=252 written=6 -> Hash Join (cost=403188.06..2447727.76 rows=73319 width=34) (actual time=12964.898..69846.991 rows=72694 loops=1) Hash Cond: ((lineitem.l_suppkey = supplier.s_suppkey) AND (customer.c_nationkey = supplier.s_nationkey)) Buffers: shared hit=1119599 read=369796 dirtied=252 written=6 -> Hash Join (cost=398509.06..2405616.45 rows=1834956 width=46) (actual time=12839.890..66102.127 rows=1817650 loops=1) Hash Cond: (lineitem.l_orderkey = orders.o_orderkey) Buffers: shared hit=1117417 read=369796 dirtied=252 written=6 -> Seq Scan on lineitem (cost=0.00..1685234.55 rows=60704655 width=16) (actual time=0.029..16330.005 rows=60044994 loops=1) Buffers: shared hit=771159 read=307029 -> Hash (cost=392773.39..392773.39 rows=458853 width=38) (actual time=12838.782..12838.782 rows=454794 loops=1) Buckets: 65536 Batches: 1 Memory Usage: 31978kB Buffers: shared hit=346258 read=62767 dirtied=252 written=6 -> Hash Join (cost=88860.41..392773.39 rows=458853 width=38) (actual time=3062.818..12535.120 rows=454794 loops=1) Hash Cond: (orders.o_custkey = customer.c_custkey) Buffers: shared hit=346258 read=62767 dirtied=252 written=6 -> Bitmap Heap Scan on orders (cost=49818.20..340539.16 rows=2294264 width=8) (actual time=1645.649..4941.427 rows=2277498 loops=1) Recheck Cond: ((o_orderdate >= '1995-01-01'::date) AND (o_orderdate < '1996-01-01 00:00:00'::timestamp without time zone)) Buffers: shared hit=236204 read=26664 dirtied=252 written=6 -> Bitmap Index Scan on orders_o_orderdate_o_orderkey_idx (cost=0.00..49244.63 rows=2294264 width=0) (actual time=1527.805..1527.805 rows=2302785 loops=1) Index Cond: ((o_orderdate >= '1995-01-01'::date) AND (o_orderdate < '1996-01-01 00:00:00'::timestamp without time zone)) Buffers: shared read=6581 -> Hash (cost=35292.22..35292.22 rows=300000 width=38) (actual time=1416.802..1416.802 rows=299838 loops=1) Buckets: 32768 Batches: 1 Memory Usage: 21083kB Buffers: shared hit=110054 read=36103 -> Nested Loop (cost=905.09..35292.22 rows=300000 width=38) (actual time=31.844..1257.443 rows=299838 loops=1) Buffers: shared hit=110054 read=36103 -> Nested Loop (cost=0.00..14.07 rows=5 width=30) (actual time=0.069..0.166 rows=5 loops=1) Join Filter: (nation.n_regionkey = region.r_regionkey) Rows Removed by Join Filter: 20 Buffers: shared hit=3 -> Index Scan using pk_nation on nation (cost=0.00..12.63 rows=25 width=34) (actual time=0.013..0.056 rows=25 loops=1) Buffers: shared hit=2 -> Materialize (cost=0.00..1.07 rows=1 width=4) (actual time=0.002..0.002 rows=1 loops=25) Buffers: shared hit=1 -> Seq Scan on region (cost=0.00..1.06 rows=1 width=4) (actual time=0.029..0.030 rows=1 loops=1) Filter: (r_name = 'MIDDLE EAST'::bpchar) Rows Removed by Filter: 4 Buffers: shared hit=1 -> Bitmap Heap Scan on customer (cost=905.09..6455.63 rows=60000 width=8) (actual time=25.255..232.655 rows=59968 loops=5) Recheck Cond: (c_nationkey = nation.n_nationkey) Buffers: shared hit=110051 read=36103 -> Bitmap Index Scan on customer_c_nationkey_c_custkey_idx (cost=0.00..890.09 rows=60000 width=0) (actual time=16.836..16.836 rows=59968 loops=5) Index Cond: (c_nationkey = nation.n_nationkey) Buffers: shared hit=5 read=832 -> Hash (cost=3179.00..3179.00 rows=100000 width=8) (actual time=121.953..121.953 rows=100000 loops=1) Buckets: 16384 Batches: 1 Memory Usage: 3907kB Buffers: shared hit=2179 -> Seq Scan on supplier (cost=0.00..3179.00 rows=100000 width=8) (actual time=0.009..74.530 rows=100000 loops=1) Buffers: shared hit=2179 Total runtime: 69988.259 ms (55 rows) COMMIT; COMMIT