BEGIN; BEGIN EXPLAIN (ANALYZE, BUFFERS) select n_name, sum(l_extendedprice * (1 - l_discount)) as revenue from customer, orders, lineitem, supplier, nation, region where c_custkey = o_custkey and l_orderkey = o_orderkey and l_suppkey = s_suppkey and c_nationkey = s_nationkey and s_nationkey = n_nationkey and n_regionkey = r_regionkey and r_name = 'AMERICA' and o_orderdate >= date '1994-01-01' and o_orderdate < date '1994-01-01' + interval '1 year' group by n_name order by revenue desc; QUERY PLAN ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Sort (cost=2422580.52..2422580.58 rows=25 width=34) (actual time=72014.136..72014.136 rows=5 loops=1) Sort Key: (sum((lineitem.l_extendedprice * (1::double precision - lineitem.l_discount)))) Sort Method: quicksort Memory: 25kB Buffers: shared hit=1110400 read=363922 dirtied=254 written=16 -> HashAggregate (cost=2422579.69..2422579.94 rows=25 width=34) (actual time=72014.031..72014.032 rows=5 loops=1) Buffers: shared hit=1110397 read=363922 dirtied=254 written=16 -> Hash Join (cost=399030.05..2421848.03 rows=73166 width=34) (actual time=12894.242..71883.443 rows=72902 loops=1) Hash Cond: ((lineitem.l_suppkey = supplier.s_suppkey) AND (customer.c_nationkey = supplier.s_nationkey)) Buffers: shared hit=1110397 read=363922 dirtied=254 written=16 -> Hash Join (cost=394351.05..2379814.99 rows=1831119 width=46) (actual time=12798.458..68179.992 rows=1811088 loops=1) Hash Cond: (lineitem.l_orderkey = orders.o_orderkey) Buffers: shared hit=1108531 read=363606 dirtied=254 written=16 -> Seq Scan on lineitem (cost=0.00..1666926.84 rows=60045184 width=16) (actual time=0.034..15973.300 rows=59985329 loops=1) Buffers: shared hit=769323 read=297152 written=16 -> Hash (cost=388627.40..388627.40 rows=457892 width=38) (actual time=12797.784..12797.784 rows=453087 loops=1) Buckets: 65536 Batches: 1 Memory Usage: 31858kB Buffers: shared hit=339208 read=66454 dirtied=254 -> Hash Join (cost=87599.09..388627.40 rows=457892 width=38) (actual time=2667.550..11871.058 rows=453087 loops=1) Hash Cond: (orders.o_custkey = customer.c_custkey) Buffers: shared hit=339208 read=66454 dirtied=254 -> Bitmap Heap Scan on orders (cost=48556.87..336420.79 rows=2289461 width=8) (actual time=775.747..3702.207 rows=2275927 loops=1) Recheck Cond: ((o_orderdate >= '1994-01-01'::date) AND (o_orderdate < '1995-01-01 00:00:00'::timestamp without time zone)) Buffers: shared hit=202089 read=57634 dirtied=254 -> Bitmap Index Scan on orders_o_orderdate_o_orderkey_idx (cost=0.00..47984.51 rows=2289461 width=0) (actual time=693.561..693.561 rows=2278245 loops=1) Index Cond: ((o_orderdate >= '1994-01-01'::date) AND (o_orderdate < '1995-01-01 00:00:00'::timestamp without time zone)) Buffers: shared hit=1 read=6221 -> Hash (cost=35292.22..35292.22 rows=300000 width=38) (actual time=1890.875..1890.875 rows=299436 loops=1) Buckets: 32768 Batches: 1 Memory Usage: 21055kB Buffers: shared hit=137119 read=8820 -> Nested Loop (cost=905.09..35292.22 rows=300000 width=38) (actual time=27.957..1361.569 rows=299436 loops=1) Buffers: shared hit=137119 read=8820 -> Nested Loop (cost=0.00..14.07 rows=5 width=30) (actual time=0.075..0.186 rows=5 loops=1) Join Filter: (nation.n_regionkey = region.r_regionkey) Rows Removed by Join Filter: 20 Buffers: shared hit=3 -> Index Scan using pk_nation on nation (cost=0.00..12.63 rows=25 width=34) (actual time=0.018..0.063 rows=25 loops=1) Buffers: shared hit=2 -> Materialize (cost=0.00..1.07 rows=1 width=4) (actual time=0.002..0.003 rows=1 loops=25) Buffers: shared hit=1 -> Seq Scan on region (cost=0.00..1.06 rows=1 width=4) (actual time=0.030..0.031 rows=1 loops=1) Filter: (r_name = 'AMERICA'::bpchar) Rows Removed by Filter: 4 Buffers: shared hit=1 -> Bitmap Heap Scan on customer (cost=905.09..6455.63 rows=60000 width=8) (actual time=24.544..249.312 rows=59887 loops=5) Recheck Cond: (c_nationkey = nation.n_nationkey) Buffers: shared hit=137116 read=8820 -> Bitmap Index Scan on customer_c_nationkey_c_custkey_idx (cost=0.00..890.09 rows=60000 width=0) (actual time=15.756..15.756 rows=59887 loops=5) Index Cond: (c_nationkey = nation.n_nationkey) Buffers: shared hit=410 read=424 -> Hash (cost=3179.00..3179.00 rows=100000 width=8) (actual time=95.411..95.411 rows=100000 loops=1) Buckets: 16384 Batches: 1 Memory Usage: 3907kB Buffers: shared hit=1863 read=316 -> Seq Scan on supplier (cost=0.00..3179.00 rows=100000 width=8) (actual time=0.008..49.742 rows=100000 loops=1) Buffers: shared hit=1863 read=316 Total runtime: 72034.640 ms (55 rows) COMMIT; COMMIT