BEGIN; BEGIN EXPLAIN (ANALYZE, BUFFERS) select n_name, sum(l_extendedprice * (1 - l_discount)) as revenue from customer, orders, lineitem, supplier, nation, region where c_custkey = o_custkey and l_orderkey = o_orderkey and l_suppkey = s_suppkey and c_nationkey = s_nationkey and s_nationkey = n_nationkey and n_regionkey = r_regionkey and r_name = 'MIDDLE EAST' and o_orderdate >= date '1997-01-01' and o_orderdate < date '1997-01-01' + interval '1 year' group by n_name order by revenue desc; QUERY PLAN ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Sort (cost=2450329.23..2450329.30 rows=25 width=34) (actual time=84884.197..84884.198 rows=5 loops=1) Sort Key: (sum((lineitem.l_extendedprice * (1::double precision - lineitem.l_discount)))) Sort Method: quicksort Memory: 25kB Buffers: shared hit=920482 read=568918 dirtied=253 written=111 -> HashAggregate (cost=2450328.40..2450328.65 rows=25 width=34) (actual time=84884.136..84884.138 rows=5 loops=1) Buffers: shared hit=920479 read=568918 dirtied=253 written=111 -> Hash Join (cost=404384.36..2449585.88 rows=74252 width=34) (actual time=14526.248..84685.217 rows=72968 loops=1) Hash Cond: ((lineitem.l_suppkey = supplier.s_suppkey) AND (customer.c_nationkey = supplier.s_nationkey)) Buffers: shared hit=920479 read=568918 dirtied=253 written=111 -> Hash Join (cost=399705.36..2407038.66 rows=1856285 width=46) (actual time=14391.424..80647.870 rows=1820800 loops=1) Hash Cond: (lineitem.l_orderkey = orders.o_orderkey) Buffers: shared hit=918297 read=568918 dirtied=253 written=111 -> Seq Scan on lineitem (cost=0.00..1685242.97 rows=60705497 width=16) (actual time=0.032..22258.073 rows=60044994 loops=1) Buffers: shared hit=520330 read=557858 written=1 -> Hash (cost=393903.11..393903.11 rows=464180 width=38) (actual time=14390.826..14390.826 rows=455270 loops=1) Buckets: 65536 Batches: 1 Memory Usage: 32012kB Buffers: shared hit=397967 read=11060 dirtied=253 written=110 -> Hash Join (cost=89437.43..393903.11 rows=464180 width=38) (actual time=3296.670..13771.163 rows=455270 loops=1) Hash Cond: (orders.o_custkey = customer.c_custkey) Buffers: shared hit=397967 read=11060 dirtied=253 written=110 -> Bitmap Heap Scan on orders (cost=50395.22..341515.72 rows=2320900 width=8) (actual time=1779.247..5637.517 rows=2278195 loops=1) Recheck Cond: ((o_orderdate >= '1997-01-01'::date) AND (o_orderdate < '1998-01-01 00:00:00'::timestamp without time zone)) Buffers: shared hit=253952 read=8918 dirtied=253 written=97 -> Bitmap Index Scan on orders_o_orderdate_o_orderkey_idx (cost=0.00..49814.99 rows=2320900 width=0) (actual time=1666.921..1666.921 rows=2302981 loops=1) Index Cond: ((o_orderdate >= '1997-01-01'::date) AND (o_orderdate < '1998-01-01 00:00:00'::timestamp without time zone)) Buffers: shared hit=40 read=6541 written=97 -> Hash (cost=35292.22..35292.22 rows=300000 width=38) (actual time=1516.595..1516.595 rows=299838 loops=1) Buckets: 32768 Batches: 1 Memory Usage: 21083kB Buffers: shared hit=144015 read=2142 written=13 -> Nested Loop (cost=905.09..35292.22 rows=300000 width=38) (actual time=31.654..1292.773 rows=299838 loops=1) Buffers: shared hit=144015 read=2142 written=13 -> Nested Loop (cost=0.00..14.07 rows=5 width=30) (actual time=0.053..0.174 rows=5 loops=1) Join Filter: (nation.n_regionkey = region.r_regionkey) Rows Removed by Join Filter: 20 Buffers: shared hit=3 -> Index Scan using pk_nation on nation (cost=0.00..12.63 rows=25 width=34) (actual time=0.009..0.062 rows=25 loops=1) Buffers: shared hit=2 -> Materialize (cost=0.00..1.07 rows=1 width=4) (actual time=0.002..0.002 rows=1 loops=25) Buffers: shared hit=1 -> Seq Scan on region (cost=0.00..1.06 rows=1 width=4) (actual time=0.024..0.025 rows=1 loops=1) Filter: (r_name = 'MIDDLE EAST'::bpchar) Rows Removed by Filter: 4 Buffers: shared hit=1 -> Bitmap Heap Scan on customer (cost=905.09..6455.63 rows=60000 width=8) (actual time=33.239..229.767 rows=59968 loops=5) Recheck Cond: (c_nationkey = nation.n_nationkey) Buffers: shared hit=144012 read=2142 written=13 -> Bitmap Index Scan on customer_c_nationkey_c_custkey_idx (cost=0.00..890.09 rows=60000 width=0) (actual time=22.957..22.957 rows=59968 loops=5) Index Cond: (c_nationkey = nation.n_nationkey) Buffers: shared hit=6 read=831 written=7 -> Hash (cost=3179.00..3179.00 rows=100000 width=8) (actual time=133.821..133.821 rows=100000 loops=1) Buckets: 16384 Batches: 1 Memory Usage: 3907kB Buffers: shared hit=2179 -> Seq Scan on supplier (cost=0.00..3179.00 rows=100000 width=8) (actual time=0.011..83.208 rows=100000 loops=1) Buffers: shared hit=2179 Total runtime: 84900.252 ms (55 rows) COMMIT; COMMIT