BEGIN; BEGIN EXPLAIN (ANALYZE, BUFFERS) select n_name, sum(l_extendedprice * (1 - l_discount)) as revenue from customer, orders, lineitem, supplier, nation, region where c_custkey = o_custkey and l_orderkey = o_orderkey and l_suppkey = s_suppkey and c_nationkey = s_nationkey and s_nationkey = n_nationkey and n_regionkey = r_regionkey and r_name = 'AMERICA' and o_orderdate >= date '1993-01-01' and o_orderdate < date '1993-01-01' + interval '1 year' group by n_name order by revenue desc; QUERY PLAN ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Sort (cost=2444890.56..2444890.63 rows=25 width=34) (actual time=87352.468..87352.468 rows=5 loops=1) Sort Key: (sum((lineitem.l_extendedprice * (1::double precision - lineitem.l_discount)))) Sort Method: quicksort Memory: 25kB Buffers: shared hit=953903 read=532851 dirtied=214 written=8269 -> HashAggregate (cost=2444889.73..2444889.98 rows=25 width=34) (actual time=87352.380..87352.383 rows=5 loops=1) Buffers: shared hit=953900 read=532851 dirtied=214 written=8269 -> Hash Join (cost=402963.32..2444153.58 rows=73615 width=34) (actual time=16270.318..87146.096 rows=71963 loops=1) Hash Cond: ((lineitem.l_suppkey = supplier.s_suppkey) AND (customer.c_nationkey = supplier.s_nationkey)) Buffers: shared hit=953900 read=532851 dirtied=214 written=8269 -> Hash Join (cost=398284.32..2401931.47 rows=1840348 width=46) (actual time=16106.946..82619.463 rows=1815918 loops=1) Hash Cond: (lineitem.l_orderkey = orders.o_orderkey) Buffers: shared hit=951718 read=532851 dirtied=214 written=8269 -> Seq Scan on lineitem (cost=0.00..1682254.45 rows=60597845 width=16) (actual time=0.031..22455.076 rows=59984384 loops=1) Buffers: shared hit=694597 read=381679 -> Hash (cost=392533.04..392533.04 rows=460102 width=38) (actual time=16106.149..16106.149 rows=453549 loops=1) Buckets: 65536 Batches: 1 Memory Usage: 31891kB Buffers: shared hit=257121 read=151172 dirtied=214 written=8269 -> Hash Join (cost=88996.44..392533.04 rows=460102 width=38) (actual time=4171.124..15720.540 rows=453549 loops=1) Hash Cond: (orders.o_custkey = customer.c_custkey) Buffers: shared hit=257121 read=151172 dirtied=214 written=8269 -> Bitmap Heap Scan on orders (cost=49954.22..340262.89 rows=2300511 width=8) (actual time=1836.755..6979.839 rows=2277042 loops=1) Recheck Cond: ((o_orderdate >= '1993-01-01'::date) AND (o_orderdate < '1994-01-01 00:00:00'::timestamp without time zone)) Buffers: shared hit=147282 read=115072 dirtied=214 written=7974 -> Bitmap Index Scan on orders_o_orderdate_o_orderkey_idx (cost=0.00..49379.10 rows=2300511 width=0) (actual time=1691.064..1691.064 rows=2299442 loops=1) Index Cond: ((o_orderdate >= '1993-01-01'::date) AND (o_orderdate < '1994-01-01 00:00:00'::timestamp without time zone)) Buffers: shared hit=2 read=6563 written=488 -> Hash (cost=35292.22..35292.22 rows=300000 width=38) (actual time=2333.982..2333.982 rows=299436 loops=1) Buckets: 32768 Batches: 1 Memory Usage: 21055kB Buffers: shared hit=109839 read=36100 written=295 -> Nested Loop (cost=905.09..35292.22 rows=300000 width=38) (actual time=36.575..2079.251 rows=299436 loops=1) Buffers: shared hit=109839 read=36100 written=295 -> Nested Loop (cost=0.00..14.07 rows=5 width=30) (actual time=0.051..0.170 rows=5 loops=1) Join Filter: (nation.n_regionkey = region.r_regionkey) Rows Removed by Join Filter: 20 Buffers: shared hit=3 -> Index Scan using pk_nation on nation (cost=0.00..12.63 rows=25 width=34) (actual time=0.008..0.060 rows=25 loops=1) Buffers: shared hit=2 -> Materialize (cost=0.00..1.07 rows=1 width=4) (actual time=0.002..0.002 rows=1 loops=25) Buffers: shared hit=1 -> Seq Scan on region (cost=0.00..1.06 rows=1 width=4) (actual time=0.026..0.028 rows=1 loops=1) Filter: (r_name = 'AMERICA'::bpchar) Rows Removed by Filter: 4 Buffers: shared hit=1 -> Bitmap Heap Scan on customer (cost=905.09..6455.63 rows=60000 width=8) (actual time=34.893..384.939 rows=59887 loops=5) Recheck Cond: (c_nationkey = nation.n_nationkey) Buffers: shared hit=109836 read=36100 written=295 -> Bitmap Index Scan on customer_c_nationkey_c_custkey_idx (cost=0.00..890.09 rows=60000 width=0) (actual time=23.968..23.968 rows=59887 loops=5) Index Cond: (c_nationkey = nation.n_nationkey) Buffers: shared hit=7 read=827 written=32 -> Hash (cost=3179.00..3179.00 rows=100000 width=8) (actual time=161.814..161.814 rows=100000 loops=1) Buckets: 16384 Batches: 1 Memory Usage: 3907kB Buffers: shared hit=2179 -> Seq Scan on supplier (cost=0.00..3179.00 rows=100000 width=8) (actual time=0.016..107.469 rows=100000 loops=1) Buffers: shared hit=2179 Total runtime: 87370.672 ms (55 rows) COMMIT; COMMIT