BEGIN; BEGIN EXPLAIN (ANALYZE, BUFFERS) select n_name, sum(l_extendedprice * (1 - l_discount)) as revenue from customer, orders, lineitem, supplier, nation, region where c_custkey = o_custkey and l_orderkey = o_orderkey and l_suppkey = s_suppkey and c_nationkey = s_nationkey and s_nationkey = n_nationkey and n_regionkey = r_regionkey and r_name = 'AMERICA' and o_orderdate >= date '1997-01-01' and o_orderdate < date '1997-01-01' + interval '1 year' group by n_name order by revenue desc; QUERY PLAN ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Sort (cost=2422645.69..2422645.75 rows=25 width=34) (actual time=115376.180..115376.180 rows=5 loops=1) Sort Key: (sum((lineitem.l_extendedprice * (1::double precision - lineitem.l_discount)))) Sort Method: quicksort Memory: 25kB Buffers: shared hit=1265103 read=209221 written=1126 -> HashAggregate (cost=2422644.86..2422645.11 rows=25 width=34) (actual time=115376.084..115376.090 rows=5 loops=1) Buffers: shared hit=1265100 read=209221 written=1126 -> Hash Join (cost=399074.24..2421912.23 rows=73263 width=34) (actual time=20784.979..115137.867 rows=72706 loops=1) Hash Cond: ((lineitem.l_suppkey = supplier.s_suppkey) AND (customer.c_nationkey = supplier.s_nationkey)) Buffers: shared hit=1265100 read=209221 written=1126 -> Hash Join (cost=394395.24..2379863.00 rows=1831880 width=46) (actual time=20612.149..110533.724 rows=1819432 loops=1) Hash Cond: (lineitem.l_orderkey = orders.o_orderkey) Buffers: shared hit=1263259 read=208880 written=1126 -> Seq Scan on lineitem (cost=0.00..1666924.32 rows=60044932 width=16) (actual time=0.041..44538.005 rows=59985329 loops=1) Buffers: shared hit=894698 read=171777 -> Hash (cost=388669.19..388669.19 rows=458084 width=38) (actual time=20611.466..20611.466 rows=454887 loops=1) Buckets: 65536 Batches: 1 Memory Usage: 31985kB Buffers: shared hit=368561 read=37103 written=1126 -> Hash Join (cost=87620.94..388669.19 rows=458084 width=38) (actual time=6079.580..20232.911 rows=454887 loops=1) Hash Cond: (orders.o_custkey = customer.c_custkey) Buffers: shared hit=368561 read=37103 written=1126 -> Bitmap Heap Scan on orders (cost=48578.72..336457.05 rows=2290422 width=8) (actual time=2181.130..9920.533 rows=2275543 loops=1) Recheck Cond: ((o_orderdate >= '1997-01-01'::date) AND (o_orderdate < '1998-01-01 00:00:00'::timestamp without time zone)) Buffers: shared hit=233697 read=26028 written=1126 -> Bitmap Index Scan on orders_o_orderdate_o_orderkey_idx (cost=0.00..48006.12 rows=2290422 width=0) (actual time=2041.227..2041.227 rows=2277844 loops=1) Index Cond: ((o_orderdate >= '1997-01-01'::date) AND (o_orderdate < '1998-01-01 00:00:00'::timestamp without time zone)) Buffers: shared hit=2 read=6219 -> Hash (cost=35292.22..35292.22 rows=300000 width=38) (actual time=3898.066..3898.066 rows=299436 loops=1) Buckets: 32768 Batches: 1 Memory Usage: 21055kB Buffers: shared hit=134864 read=11075 -> Nested Loop (cost=905.09..35292.22 rows=300000 width=38) (actual time=62.230..3671.791 rows=299436 loops=1) Buffers: shared hit=134864 read=11075 -> Nested Loop (cost=0.00..14.07 rows=5 width=30) (actual time=0.060..0.162 rows=5 loops=1) Join Filter: (nation.n_regionkey = region.r_regionkey) Rows Removed by Join Filter: 20 Buffers: shared hit=3 -> Index Scan using pk_nation on nation (cost=0.00..12.63 rows=25 width=34) (actual time=0.015..0.054 rows=25 loops=1) Buffers: shared hit=2 -> Materialize (cost=0.00..1.07 rows=1 width=4) (actual time=0.002..0.002 rows=1 loops=25) Buffers: shared hit=1 -> Seq Scan on region (cost=0.00..1.06 rows=1 width=4) (actual time=0.022..0.023 rows=1 loops=1) Filter: (r_name = 'AMERICA'::bpchar) Rows Removed by Filter: 4 Buffers: shared hit=1 -> Bitmap Heap Scan on customer (cost=905.09..6455.63 rows=60000 width=8) (actual time=50.896..709.621 rows=59887 loops=5) Recheck Cond: (c_nationkey = nation.n_nationkey) Buffers: shared hit=134861 read=11075 -> Bitmap Index Scan on customer_c_nationkey_c_custkey_idx (cost=0.00..890.09 rows=60000 width=0) (actual time=41.237..41.237 rows=59887 loops=5) Index Cond: (c_nationkey = nation.n_nationkey) Buffers: shared hit=11 read=823 -> Hash (cost=3179.00..3179.00 rows=100000 width=8) (actual time=171.201..171.201 rows=100000 loops=1) Buckets: 16384 Batches: 1 Memory Usage: 3907kB Buffers: shared hit=1838 read=341 -> Seq Scan on supplier (cost=0.00..3179.00 rows=100000 width=8) (actual time=0.015..126.603 rows=100000 loops=1) Buffers: shared hit=1838 read=341 Total runtime: 115387.302 ms (55 rows) COMMIT; COMMIT