BEGIN; BEGIN EXPLAIN (ANALYZE, BUFFERS) select n_name, sum(l_extendedprice * (1 - l_discount)) as revenue from customer, orders, lineitem, supplier, nation, region where c_custkey = o_custkey and l_orderkey = o_orderkey and l_suppkey = s_suppkey and c_nationkey = s_nationkey and s_nationkey = n_nationkey and n_regionkey = r_regionkey and r_name = 'MIDDLE EAST' and o_orderdate >= date '1996-01-01' and o_orderdate < date '1996-01-01' + interval '1 year' group by n_name order by revenue desc; QUERY PLAN ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Sort (cost=2424667.23..2424667.29 rows=25 width=34) (actual time=159918.663..159918.664 rows=5 loops=1) Sort Key: (sum((lineitem.l_extendedprice * (1::double precision - lineitem.l_discount)))) Sort Method: quicksort Memory: 25kB Buffers: shared hit=608949 read=866936 dirtied=253 written=117 -> HashAggregate (cost=2424666.40..2424666.65 rows=25 width=34) (actual time=159918.585..159918.591 rows=5 loops=1) Buffers: shared hit=608946 read=866936 dirtied=253 written=117 -> Hash Join (cost=399184.05..2423934.60 rows=73180 width=34) (actual time=36778.510..159626.858 rows=72754 loops=1) Hash Cond: ((lineitem.l_suppkey = supplier.s_suppkey) AND (customer.c_nationkey = supplier.s_nationkey)) Buffers: shared hit=608946 read=866936 dirtied=253 written=117 -> Hash Join (cost=394505.05..2381927.62 rows=1829809 width=46) (actual time=36612.393..154745.628 rows=1826289 loops=1) Hash Cond: (lineitem.l_orderkey = orders.o_orderkey) Buffers: shared hit=606764 read=866936 dirtied=253 written=117 -> Seq Scan on lineitem (cost=0.00..1668598.31 rows=60105231 width=16) (actual time=0.025..64461.498 rows=60045603 loops=1) Buffers: shared hit=433181 read=634365 -> Hash (cost=388785.50..388785.50 rows=457564 width=38) (actual time=36611.511..36611.511 rows=456542 loops=1) Buckets: 65536 Batches: 1 Memory Usage: 32101kB Buffers: shared hit=173583 read=232571 dirtied=253 written=117 -> Hash Join (cost=87538.26..388785.50 rows=457564 width=38) (actual time=7051.526..36136.695 rows=456542 loops=1) Hash Cond: (orders.o_custkey = customer.c_custkey) Buffers: shared hit=173583 read=232571 dirtied=253 written=117 -> Bitmap Heap Scan on orders (cost=48496.04..336588.32 rows=2287819 width=8) (actual time=2363.296..23264.711 rows=2284056 loops=1) Recheck Cond: ((o_orderdate >= '1996-01-01'::date) AND (o_orderdate < '1997-01-01 00:00:00'::timestamp without time zone)) Buffers: shared hit=58566 read=201431 dirtied=253 written=117 -> Bitmap Index Scan on orders_o_orderdate_o_orderkey_idx (cost=0.00..47924.09 rows=2287819 width=0) (actual time=2240.680..2240.680 rows=2286330 loops=1) Index Cond: ((o_orderdate >= '1996-01-01'::date) AND (o_orderdate < '1997-01-01 00:00:00'::timestamp without time zone)) Buffers: shared hit=297 read=5942 -> Hash (cost=35292.22..35292.22 rows=300000 width=38) (actual time=4687.898..4687.898 rows=299838 loops=1) Buckets: 32768 Batches: 1 Memory Usage: 21083kB Buffers: shared hit=115017 read=31140 -> Nested Loop (cost=905.09..35292.22 rows=300000 width=38) (actual time=53.284..4283.794 rows=299838 loops=1) Buffers: shared hit=115017 read=31140 -> Nested Loop (cost=0.00..14.07 rows=5 width=30) (actual time=0.071..0.175 rows=5 loops=1) Join Filter: (nation.n_regionkey = region.r_regionkey) Rows Removed by Join Filter: 20 Buffers: shared hit=3 -> Index Scan using pk_nation on nation (cost=0.00..12.63 rows=25 width=34) (actual time=0.017..0.061 rows=25 loops=1) Buffers: shared hit=2 -> Materialize (cost=0.00..1.07 rows=1 width=4) (actual time=0.002..0.002 rows=1 loops=25) Buffers: shared hit=1 -> Seq Scan on region (cost=0.00..1.06 rows=1 width=4) (actual time=0.025..0.025 rows=1 loops=1) Filter: (r_name = 'MIDDLE EAST'::bpchar) Rows Removed by Filter: 4 Buffers: shared hit=1 -> Bitmap Heap Scan on customer (cost=905.09..6455.63 rows=60000 width=8) (actual time=52.929..830.936 rows=59968 loops=5) Recheck Cond: (c_nationkey = nation.n_nationkey) Buffers: shared hit=115014 read=31140 -> Bitmap Index Scan on customer_c_nationkey_c_custkey_idx (cost=0.00..890.09 rows=60000 width=0) (actual time=42.183..42.183 rows=59968 loops=5) Index Cond: (c_nationkey = nation.n_nationkey) Buffers: shared hit=5 read=832 -> Hash (cost=3179.00..3179.00 rows=100000 width=8) (actual time=165.630..165.630 rows=100000 loops=1) Buckets: 16384 Batches: 1 Memory Usage: 3907kB Buffers: shared hit=2179 -> Seq Scan on supplier (cost=0.00..3179.00 rows=100000 width=8) (actual time=0.010..121.711 rows=100000 loops=1) Buffers: shared hit=2179 Total runtime: 159941.426 ms (55 rows) COMMIT; COMMIT