BEGIN; BEGIN EXPLAIN (ANALYZE, BUFFERS) select n_name, sum(l_extendedprice * (1 - l_discount)) as revenue from customer, orders, lineitem, supplier, nation, region where c_custkey = o_custkey and l_orderkey = o_orderkey and l_suppkey = s_suppkey and c_nationkey = s_nationkey and s_nationkey = n_nationkey and n_regionkey = r_regionkey and r_name = 'EUROPE' and o_orderdate >= date '1996-01-01' and o_orderdate < date '1996-01-01' + interval '1 year' group by n_name order by revenue desc; QUERY PLAN ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Sort (cost=2437286.40..2437286.46 rows=25 width=34) (actual time=143323.896..143323.896 rows=5 loops=1) Sort Key: (sum((lineitem.l_extendedprice * (1::double precision - lineitem.l_discount)))) Sort Method: quicksort Memory: 25kB Buffers: shared hit=930052 read=552629 dirtied=70 written=388 -> HashAggregate (cost=2437285.56..2437285.81 rows=25 width=34) (actual time=143323.790..143323.795 rows=5 loops=1) Buffers: shared hit=930049 read=552629 dirtied=70 written=388 -> Hash Join (cost=401728.43..2436550.12 rows=73544 width=34) (actual time=25761.630..142987.070 rows=73095 loops=1) Hash Cond: ((lineitem.l_suppkey = supplier.s_suppkey) AND (customer.c_nationkey = supplier.s_nationkey)) Buffers: shared hit=930049 read=552629 dirtied=70 written=388 -> Hash Join (cost=397049.43..2394357.46 rows=1838911 width=46) (actual time=25580.310..137759.767 rows=1829932 loops=1) Hash Cond: (lineitem.l_orderkey = orders.o_orderkey) Buffers: shared hit=927867 read=552629 dirtied=70 written=388 -> Seq Scan on lineitem (cost=0.00..1676897.96 rows=60404196 width=16) (actual time=0.022..63313.362 rows=60045310 loops=1) Buffers: shared hit=567327 read=505529 written=4 -> Hash (cost=391301.36..391301.36 rows=459846 width=38) (actual time=25579.613..25579.613 rows=457754 loops=1) Buckets: 65536 Batches: 1 Memory Usage: 32186kB Buffers: shared hit=360540 read=47100 dirtied=70 written=384 -> Hash Join (cost=88551.30..391301.36 rows=459846 width=38) (actual time=6709.819..25154.779 rows=457754 loops=1) Hash Cond: (orders.o_custkey = customer.c_custkey) Buffers: shared hit=360540 read=47100 dirtied=70 written=384 -> Bitmap Heap Scan on orders (cost=49509.08..339038.56 rows=2299232 width=8) (actual time=2191.374..13582.475 rows=2284034 loops=1) Recheck Cond: ((o_orderdate >= '1996-01-01'::date) AND (o_orderdate < '1997-01-01 00:00:00'::timestamp without time zone)) Buffers: shared hit=221364 read=40098 dirtied=70 written=384 -> Bitmap Index Scan on orders_o_orderdate_o_orderkey_idx (cost=0.00..48934.27 rows=2299232 width=0) (actual time=2048.968..2048.968 rows=2297642 loops=1) Index Cond: ((o_orderdate >= '1996-01-01'::date) AND (o_orderdate < '1997-01-01 00:00:00'::timestamp without time zone)) Buffers: shared read=6438 -> Hash (cost=35292.22..35292.22 rows=300000 width=38) (actual time=4518.178..4518.178 rows=300963 loops=1) Buckets: 32768 Batches: 1 Memory Usage: 21162kB Buffers: shared hit=139176 read=7002 -> Nested Loop (cost=905.09..35292.22 rows=300000 width=38) (actual time=42.759..4272.604 rows=300963 loops=1) Buffers: shared hit=139176 read=7002 -> Nested Loop (cost=0.00..14.07 rows=5 width=30) (actual time=0.069..0.171 rows=5 loops=1) Join Filter: (nation.n_regionkey = region.r_regionkey) Rows Removed by Join Filter: 20 Buffers: shared hit=3 -> Index Scan using pk_nation on nation (cost=0.00..12.63 rows=25 width=34) (actual time=0.013..0.056 rows=25 loops=1) Buffers: shared hit=2 -> Materialize (cost=0.00..1.07 rows=1 width=4) (actual time=0.002..0.002 rows=1 loops=25) Buffers: shared hit=1 -> Seq Scan on region (cost=0.00..1.06 rows=1 width=4) (actual time=0.031..0.032 rows=1 loops=1) Filter: (r_name = 'EUROPE'::bpchar) Rows Removed by Filter: 4 Buffers: shared hit=1 -> Bitmap Heap Scan on customer (cost=905.09..6455.63 rows=60000 width=8) (actual time=42.584..827.514 rows=60193 loops=5) Recheck Cond: (c_nationkey = nation.n_nationkey) Buffers: shared hit=139173 read=7002 -> Bitmap Index Scan on customer_c_nationkey_c_custkey_idx (cost=0.00..890.09 rows=60000 width=0) (actual time=32.132..32.132 rows=60193 loops=5) Index Cond: (c_nationkey = nation.n_nationkey) Buffers: shared hit=7 read=832 -> Hash (cost=3179.00..3179.00 rows=100000 width=8) (actual time=176.299..176.299 rows=100000 loops=1) Buckets: 16384 Batches: 1 Memory Usage: 3907kB Buffers: shared hit=2179 -> Seq Scan on supplier (cost=0.00..3179.00 rows=100000 width=8) (actual time=0.018..126.509 rows=100000 loops=1) Buffers: shared hit=2179 Total runtime: 143336.629 ms (55 rows) COMMIT; COMMIT