BEGIN; BEGIN EXPLAIN (ANALYZE, BUFFERS) select n_name, sum(l_extendedprice * (1 - l_discount)) as revenue from customer, orders, lineitem, supplier, nation, region where c_custkey = o_custkey and l_orderkey = o_orderkey and l_suppkey = s_suppkey and c_nationkey = s_nationkey and s_nationkey = n_nationkey and n_regionkey = r_regionkey and r_name = 'EUROPE' and o_orderdate >= date '1994-01-01' and o_orderdate < date '1994-01-01' + interval '1 year' group by n_name order by revenue desc; QUERY PLAN ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Sort (cost=2448573.01..2448573.07 rows=25 width=34) (actual time=142749.306..142749.307 rows=5 loops=1) Sort Key: (sum((lineitem.l_extendedprice * (1::double precision - lineitem.l_discount)))) Sort Method: quicksort Memory: 25kB Buffers: shared hit=1003509 read=485806 dirtied=146 written=1457 -> HashAggregate (cost=2448572.18..2448572.43 rows=25 width=34) (actual time=142749.206..142749.224 rows=5 loops=1) Buffers: shared hit=1003506 read=485806 dirtied=146 written=1457 -> Hash Join (cost=403210.02..2447837.13 rows=73505 width=34) (actual time=29507.830..142437.288 rows=73230 loops=1) Hash Cond: ((lineitem.l_suppkey = supplier.s_suppkey) AND (customer.c_nationkey = supplier.s_nationkey)) Buffers: shared hit=1003506 read=485806 dirtied=146 written=1457 -> Hash Join (cost=398531.02..2405664.38 rows=1837935 width=46) (actual time=29328.189..137419.180 rows=1828477 loops=1) Hash Cond: (lineitem.l_orderkey = orders.o_orderkey) Buffers: shared hit=1001324 read=485806 dirtied=146 written=1457 -> Seq Scan on lineitem (cost=0.00..1685232.00 rows=60704400 width=16) (actual time=0.021..57484.093 rows=59984826 loops=1) Buffers: shared hit=679775 read=398413 written=6 -> Hash (cost=392788.42..392788.42 rows=459408 width=38) (actual time=29327.686..29327.686 rows=456889 loops=1) Buckets: 65536 Batches: 1 Memory Usage: 32126kB Buffers: shared hit=321549 read=87393 dirtied=146 written=1451 -> Hash Join (cost=88924.86..392788.42 rows=459408 width=38) (actual time=8466.561..28736.593 rows=456889 loops=1) Hash Cond: (orders.o_custkey = customer.c_custkey) Buffers: shared hit=321549 read=87393 dirtied=146 written=1451 -> Bitmap Heap Scan on orders (cost=49882.64..340538.22 rows=2297039 width=8) (actual time=2307.053..15529.468 rows=2275749 loops=1) Recheck Cond: ((o_orderdate >= '1994-01-01'::date) AND (o_orderdate < '1995-01-01 00:00:00'::timestamp without time zone)) Buffers: shared hit=196789 read=65975 dirtied=146 written=114 -> Bitmap Index Scan on orders_o_orderdate_o_orderkey_idx (cost=0.00..49308.38 rows=2297039 width=0) (actual time=2187.515..2187.515 rows=2303234 loops=1) Index Cond: ((o_orderdate >= '1994-01-01'::date) AND (o_orderdate < '1995-01-01 00:00:00'::timestamp without time zone)) Buffers: shared hit=387 read=6199 written=8 -> Hash (cost=35292.22..35292.22 rows=300000 width=38) (actual time=6159.269..6159.269 rows=300963 loops=1) Buckets: 32768 Batches: 1 Memory Usage: 21162kB Buffers: shared hit=124760 read=21418 written=1337 -> Nested Loop (cost=905.09..35292.22 rows=300000 width=38) (actual time=47.729..5906.709 rows=300963 loops=1) Buffers: shared hit=124760 read=21418 written=1337 -> Nested Loop (cost=0.00..14.07 rows=5 width=30) (actual time=0.215..0.336 rows=5 loops=1) Join Filter: (nation.n_regionkey = region.r_regionkey) Rows Removed by Join Filter: 20 Buffers: shared hit=3 -> Index Scan using pk_nation on nation (cost=0.00..12.63 rows=25 width=34) (actual time=0.011..0.063 rows=25 loops=1) Buffers: shared hit=2 -> Materialize (cost=0.00..1.07 rows=1 width=4) (actual time=0.008..0.008 rows=1 loops=25) Buffers: shared hit=1 -> Seq Scan on region (cost=0.00..1.06 rows=1 width=4) (actual time=0.168..0.168 rows=1 loops=1) Filter: (r_name = 'EUROPE'::bpchar) Rows Removed by Filter: 4 Buffers: shared hit=1 -> Bitmap Heap Scan on customer (cost=905.09..6455.63 rows=60000 width=8) (actual time=48.955..1154.613 rows=60193 loops=5) Recheck Cond: (c_nationkey = nation.n_nationkey) Buffers: shared hit=124757 read=21418 written=1337 -> Bitmap Index Scan on customer_c_nationkey_c_custkey_idx (cost=0.00..890.09 rows=60000 width=0) (actual time=38.205..38.205 rows=60193 loops=5) Index Cond: (c_nationkey = nation.n_nationkey) Buffers: shared hit=6 read=833 written=38 -> Hash (cost=3179.00..3179.00 rows=100000 width=8) (actual time=168.011..168.011 rows=100000 loops=1) Buckets: 16384 Batches: 1 Memory Usage: 3907kB Buffers: shared hit=2179 -> Seq Scan on supplier (cost=0.00..3179.00 rows=100000 width=8) (actual time=0.013..121.178 rows=100000 loops=1) Buffers: shared hit=2179 Total runtime: 142765.141 ms (55 rows) COMMIT; COMMIT