BEGIN; BEGIN EXPLAIN (ANALYZE, BUFFERS) select n_name, sum(l_extendedprice * (1 - l_discount)) as revenue from customer, orders, lineitem, supplier, nation, region where c_custkey = o_custkey and l_orderkey = o_orderkey and l_suppkey = s_suppkey and c_nationkey = s_nationkey and s_nationkey = n_nationkey and n_regionkey = r_regionkey and r_name = 'AMERICA' and o_orderdate >= date '1994-01-01' and o_orderdate < date '1994-01-01' + interval '1 year' group by n_name order by revenue desc; QUERY PLAN ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Sort (cost=2433176.54..2433176.60 rows=25 width=34) (actual time=130987.813..130987.814 rows=5 loops=1) Sort Key: (sum((lineitem.l_extendedprice * (1::double precision - lineitem.l_discount)))) Sort Method: quicksort Memory: 25kB Buffers: shared hit=1085077 read=395802 dirtied=120 written=287 -> HashAggregate (cost=2433175.71..2433175.96 rows=25 width=34) (actual time=130987.716..130987.720 rows=5 loops=1) Buffers: shared hit=1085074 read=395802 dirtied=120 written=287 -> Hash Join (cost=399935.60..2432445.02 rows=73069 width=34) (actual time=26464.413..130713.856 rows=72871 loops=1) Hash Cond: ((lineitem.l_suppkey = supplier.s_suppkey) AND (customer.c_nationkey = supplier.s_nationkey)) Buffers: shared hit=1085074 read=395802 dirtied=120 written=287 -> Hash Join (cost=395256.60..2390494.47 rows=1827043 width=46) (actual time=26310.429..125866.392 rows=1810947 loops=1) Hash Cond: (lineitem.l_orderkey = orders.o_orderkey) Buffers: shared hit=1082892 read=395802 dirtied=120 written=287 -> Seq Scan on lineitem (cost=0.00..1675244.29 rows=60344629 width=16) (actual time=0.023..53020.639 rows=59986308 loops=1) Buffers: shared hit=719097 read=352701 -> Hash (cost=389548.65..389548.65 rows=456636 width=38) (actual time=26309.658..26309.658 rows=453037 loops=1) Buckets: 65536 Batches: 1 Memory Usage: 31855kB Buffers: shared hit=363795 read=43101 dirtied=120 written=287 -> Hash Join (cost=87518.70..389548.65 rows=456636 width=38) (actual time=6794.609..25894.467 rows=453037 loops=1) Hash Cond: (orders.o_custkey = customer.c_custkey) Buffers: shared hit=363795 read=43101 dirtied=120 written=287 -> Bitmap Heap Scan on orders (cost=48476.48..337378.15 rows=2283178 width=8) (actual time=2435.993..14196.611 rows=2275867 loops=1) Recheck Cond: ((o_orderdate >= '1994-01-01'::date) AND (o_orderdate < '1995-01-01 00:00:00'::timestamp without time zone)) Buffers: shared hit=218679 read=42278 dirtied=120 written=251 -> Bitmap Index Scan on orders_o_orderdate_o_orderkey_idx (cost=0.00..47905.69 rows=2283178 width=0) (actual time=2316.362..2316.362 rows=2289672 loops=1) Index Cond: ((o_orderdate >= '1994-01-01'::date) AND (o_orderdate < '1995-01-01 00:00:00'::timestamp without time zone)) Buffers: shared hit=546 read=5778 written=190 -> Hash (cost=35292.22..35292.22 rows=300000 width=38) (actual time=4358.300..4358.300 rows=299436 loops=1) Buckets: 32768 Batches: 1 Memory Usage: 21055kB Buffers: shared hit=145116 read=823 written=36 -> Nested Loop (cost=905.09..35292.22 rows=300000 width=38) (actual time=46.494..4109.698 rows=299436 loops=1) Buffers: shared hit=145116 read=823 written=36 -> Nested Loop (cost=0.00..14.07 rows=5 width=30) (actual time=0.072..0.158 rows=5 loops=1) Join Filter: (nation.n_regionkey = region.r_regionkey) Rows Removed by Join Filter: 20 Buffers: shared hit=3 -> Index Scan using pk_nation on nation (cost=0.00..12.63 rows=25 width=34) (actual time=0.017..0.053 rows=25 loops=1) Buffers: shared hit=2 -> Materialize (cost=0.00..1.07 rows=1 width=4) (actual time=0.002..0.002 rows=1 loops=25) Buffers: shared hit=1 -> Seq Scan on region (cost=0.00..1.06 rows=1 width=4) (actual time=0.031..0.032 rows=1 loops=1) Filter: (r_name = 'AMERICA'::bpchar) Rows Removed by Filter: 4 Buffers: shared hit=1 -> Bitmap Heap Scan on customer (cost=905.09..6455.63 rows=60000 width=8) (actual time=50.020..795.542 rows=59887 loops=5) Recheck Cond: (c_nationkey = nation.n_nationkey) Buffers: shared hit=145113 read=823 written=36 -> Bitmap Index Scan on customer_c_nationkey_c_custkey_idx (cost=0.00..890.09 rows=60000 width=0) (actual time=38.357..38.357 rows=59887 loops=5) Index Cond: (c_nationkey = nation.n_nationkey) Buffers: shared hit=11 read=823 written=36 -> Hash (cost=3179.00..3179.00 rows=100000 width=8) (actual time=150.573..150.573 rows=100000 loops=1) Buckets: 16384 Batches: 1 Memory Usage: 3907kB Buffers: shared hit=2179 -> Seq Scan on supplier (cost=0.00..3179.00 rows=100000 width=8) (actual time=0.117..106.534 rows=100000 loops=1) Buffers: shared hit=2179 Total runtime: 130998.135 ms (55 rows) COMMIT; COMMIT