BEGIN; BEGIN EXPLAIN (ANALYZE, BUFFERS) select n_name, sum(l_extendedprice * (1 - l_discount)) as revenue from customer, orders, lineitem, supplier, nation, region where c_custkey = o_custkey and l_orderkey = o_orderkey and l_suppkey = s_suppkey and c_nationkey = s_nationkey and s_nationkey = n_nationkey and n_regionkey = r_regionkey and r_name = 'AMERICA' and o_orderdate >= date '1996-01-01' and o_orderdate < date '1996-01-01' + interval '1 year' group by n_name order by revenue desc; QUERY PLAN ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Sort (cost=2447161.45..2447161.51 rows=25 width=34) (actual time=75667.519..75667.519 rows=5 loops=1) Sort Key: (sum((lineitem.l_extendedprice * (1::double precision - lineitem.l_discount)))) Sort Method: quicksort Memory: 25kB Buffers: shared hit=1193669 read=294208 dirtied=28 written=13 -> HashAggregate (cost=2447160.62..2447160.87 rows=25 width=34) (actual time=75667.402..75667.420 rows=5 loops=1) Buffers: shared hit=1193666 read=294208 dirtied=28 written=13 -> Hash Join (cost=403533.98..2446423.39 rows=73723 width=34) (actual time=12877.624..75504.048 rows=73249 loops=1) Hash Cond: ((lineitem.l_suppkey = supplier.s_suppkey) AND (customer.c_nationkey = supplier.s_nationkey)) Buffers: shared hit=1193666 read=294208 dirtied=28 written=13 -> Hash Join (cost=398854.98..2404096.72 rows=1845522 width=46) (actual time=12760.901..71423.789 rows=1822652 loops=1) Hash Cond: (lineitem.l_orderkey = orders.o_orderkey) Buffers: shared hit=1191484 read=294208 dirtied=28 written=13 -> Seq Scan on lineitem (cost=0.00..1683564.35 rows=60644435 width=16) (actual time=0.053..18692.461 rows=59984826 loops=1) Buffers: shared hit=793367 read=283753 written=7 -> Hash (cost=393086.27..393086.27 rows=461497 width=38) (actual time=12760.195..12760.195 rows=455899 loops=1) Buckets: 65536 Batches: 1 Memory Usage: 32056kB Buffers: shared hit=398117 read=10455 dirtied=28 written=6 -> Hash Join (cost=89151.94..393086.27 rows=461497 width=38) (actual time=3212.272..12402.607 rows=455899 loops=1) Hash Cond: (orders.o_custkey = customer.c_custkey) Buffers: shared hit=398117 read=10455 dirtied=28 written=6 -> Bitmap Heap Scan on orders (cost=50109.72..340776.01 rows=2307486 width=8) (actual time=1827.790..5321.491 rows=2281951 loops=1) Recheck Cond: ((o_orderdate >= '1996-01-01'::date) AND (o_orderdate < '1997-01-01 00:00:00'::timestamp without time zone)) Buffers: shared hit=253044 read=9589 dirtied=28 written=6 -> Bitmap Index Scan on orders_o_orderdate_o_orderkey_idx (cost=0.00..49532.85 rows=2307486 width=0) (actual time=1698.912..1698.912 rows=2306946 loops=1) Index Cond: ((o_orderdate >= '1996-01-01'::date) AND (o_orderdate < '1997-01-01 00:00:00'::timestamp without time zone)) Buffers: shared read=6596 -> Hash (cost=35292.22..35292.22 rows=300000 width=38) (actual time=1384.234..1384.234 rows=299436 loops=1) Buckets: 32768 Batches: 1 Memory Usage: 21055kB Buffers: shared hit=145073 read=866 -> Nested Loop (cost=905.09..35292.22 rows=300000 width=38) (actual time=31.216..1160.639 rows=299436 loops=1) Buffers: shared hit=145073 read=866 -> Nested Loop (cost=0.00..14.07 rows=5 width=30) (actual time=0.057..0.178 rows=5 loops=1) Join Filter: (nation.n_regionkey = region.r_regionkey) Rows Removed by Join Filter: 20 Buffers: shared hit=3 -> Index Scan using pk_nation on nation (cost=0.00..12.63 rows=25 width=34) (actual time=0.010..0.062 rows=25 loops=1) Buffers: shared hit=2 -> Materialize (cost=0.00..1.07 rows=1 width=4) (actual time=0.002..0.002 rows=1 loops=25) Buffers: shared hit=1 -> Seq Scan on region (cost=0.00..1.06 rows=1 width=4) (actual time=0.025..0.027 rows=1 loops=1) Filter: (r_name = 'AMERICA'::bpchar) Rows Removed by Filter: 4 Buffers: shared hit=1 -> Bitmap Heap Scan on customer (cost=905.09..6455.63 rows=60000 width=8) (actual time=30.986..208.328 rows=59887 loops=5) Recheck Cond: (c_nationkey = nation.n_nationkey) Buffers: shared hit=145070 read=866 -> Bitmap Index Scan on customer_c_nationkey_c_custkey_idx (cost=0.00..890.09 rows=60000 width=0) (actual time=21.262..21.262 rows=59887 loops=5) Index Cond: (c_nationkey = nation.n_nationkey) Buffers: shared hit=8 read=826 -> Hash (cost=3179.00..3179.00 rows=100000 width=8) (actual time=114.254..114.254 rows=100000 loops=1) Buckets: 16384 Batches: 1 Memory Usage: 3907kB Buffers: shared hit=2179 -> Seq Scan on supplier (cost=0.00..3179.00 rows=100000 width=8) (actual time=0.008..72.654 rows=100000 loops=1) Buffers: shared hit=2179 Total runtime: 75681.273 ms (55 rows) COMMIT; COMMIT