BEGIN; BEGIN EXPLAIN (ANALYZE, BUFFERS) select n_name, sum(l_extendedprice * (1 - l_discount)) as revenue from customer, orders, lineitem, supplier, nation, region where c_custkey = o_custkey and l_orderkey = o_orderkey and l_suppkey = s_suppkey and c_nationkey = s_nationkey and s_nationkey = n_nationkey and n_regionkey = r_regionkey and r_name = 'EUROPE' and o_orderdate >= date '1997-01-01' and o_orderdate < date '1997-01-01' + interval '1 year' group by n_name order by revenue desc; QUERY PLAN ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Sort (cost=2446068.70..2446068.76 rows=25 width=34) (actual time=78221.345..78221.346 rows=5 loops=1) Sort Key: (sum((lineitem.l_extendedprice * (1::double precision - lineitem.l_discount)))) Sort Method: quicksort Memory: 25kB Buffers: shared hit=508494 read=979602 dirtied=1 written=92 -> HashAggregate (cost=2446067.87..2446068.12 rows=25 width=34) (actual time=78221.185..78221.188 rows=5 loops=1) Buffers: shared hit=508491 read=979602 dirtied=1 written=92 -> Hash Join (cost=402828.00..2445335.66 rows=73221 width=34) (actual time=13837.008..78045.180 rows=73126 loops=1) Hash Cond: ((lineitem.l_suppkey = supplier.s_suppkey) AND (customer.c_nationkey = supplier.s_nationkey)) Buffers: shared hit=508491 read=979602 dirtied=1 written=92 -> Hash Join (cost=398149.00..2403265.17 rows=1832964 width=46) (actual time=13716.083..74382.258 rows=1826654 loops=1) Hash Cond: (lineitem.l_orderkey = orders.o_orderkey) Buffers: shared hit=506309 read=979602 dirtied=1 written=92 -> Seq Scan on lineitem (cost=0.00..1683564.35 rows=60644435 width=16) (actual time=0.022..19903.488 rows=60044872 loops=1) Buffers: shared hit=154444 read=922676 dirtied=1 written=1 -> Hash (cost=392419.54..392419.54 rows=458357 width=38) (actual time=13715.189..13715.189 rows=457441 loops=1) Buckets: 65536 Batches: 1 Memory Usage: 32164kB Buffers: shared hit=351865 read=56926 written=91 -> Hash Join (cost=88811.00..392419.54 rows=458357 width=38) (actual time=3829.164..13385.089 rows=457441 loops=1) Hash Cond: (orders.o_custkey = customer.c_custkey) Buffers: shared hit=351865 read=56926 written=91 -> Bitmap Heap Scan on orders (cost=49768.78..340199.56 rows=2291785 width=8) (actual time=1834.666..5212.572 rows=2278106 loops=1) Recheck Cond: ((o_orderdate >= '1997-01-01'::date) AND (o_orderdate < '1998-01-01 00:00:00'::timestamp without time zone)) Buffers: shared hit=241794 read=20819 -> Bitmap Index Scan on orders_o_orderdate_o_orderkey_idx (cost=0.00..49195.84 rows=2291785 width=0) (actual time=1708.202..1708.202 rows=2300694 loops=1) Index Cond: ((o_orderdate >= '1997-01-01'::date) AND (o_orderdate < '1998-01-01 00:00:00'::timestamp without time zone)) Buffers: shared read=6577 -> Hash (cost=35292.22..35292.22 rows=300000 width=38) (actual time=1994.165..1994.165 rows=300963 loops=1) Buckets: 32768 Batches: 1 Memory Usage: 21162kB Buffers: shared hit=110071 read=36107 written=91 -> Nested Loop (cost=905.09..35292.22 rows=300000 width=38) (actual time=34.594..1772.282 rows=300963 loops=1) Buffers: shared hit=110071 read=36107 written=91 -> Nested Loop (cost=0.00..14.07 rows=5 width=30) (actual time=0.071..0.194 rows=5 loops=1) Join Filter: (nation.n_regionkey = region.r_regionkey) Rows Removed by Join Filter: 20 Buffers: shared hit=3 -> Index Scan using pk_nation on nation (cost=0.00..12.63 rows=25 width=34) (actual time=0.014..0.063 rows=25 loops=1) Buffers: shared hit=2 -> Materialize (cost=0.00..1.07 rows=1 width=4) (actual time=0.002..0.003 rows=1 loops=25) Buffers: shared hit=1 -> Seq Scan on region (cost=0.00..1.06 rows=1 width=4) (actual time=0.029..0.030 rows=1 loops=1) Filter: (r_name = 'EUROPE'::bpchar) Rows Removed by Filter: 4 Buffers: shared hit=1 -> Bitmap Heap Scan on customer (cost=905.09..6455.63 rows=60000 width=8) (actual time=33.267..330.831 rows=60193 loops=5) Recheck Cond: (c_nationkey = nation.n_nationkey) Buffers: shared hit=110068 read=36107 written=91 -> Bitmap Index Scan on customer_c_nationkey_c_custkey_idx (cost=0.00..890.09 rows=60000 width=0) (actual time=21.851..21.851 rows=60193 loops=5) Index Cond: (c_nationkey = nation.n_nationkey) Buffers: shared hit=6 read=833 -> Hash (cost=3179.00..3179.00 rows=100000 width=8) (actual time=119.855..119.855 rows=100000 loops=1) Buckets: 16384 Batches: 1 Memory Usage: 3907kB Buffers: shared hit=2179 -> Seq Scan on supplier (cost=0.00..3179.00 rows=100000 width=8) (actual time=0.010..77.749 rows=100000 loops=1) Buffers: shared hit=2179 Total runtime: 78237.194 ms (55 rows) COMMIT; COMMIT