BEGIN; BEGIN EXPLAIN (ANALYZE, BUFFERS) select n_name, sum(l_extendedprice * (1 - l_discount)) as revenue from customer, orders, lineitem, supplier, nation, region where c_custkey = o_custkey and l_orderkey = o_orderkey and l_suppkey = s_suppkey and c_nationkey = s_nationkey and s_nationkey = n_nationkey and n_regionkey = r_regionkey and r_name = 'AMERICA' and o_orderdate >= date '1996-01-01' and o_orderdate < date '1996-01-01' + interval '1 year' group by n_name order by revenue desc; QUERY PLAN ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Sort (cost=2437224.46..2437224.53 rows=25 width=34) (actual time=76024.346..76024.346 rows=5 loops=1) Sort Key: (sum((lineitem.l_extendedprice * (1::double precision - lineitem.l_discount)))) Sort Method: quicksort Memory: 25kB Buffers: shared hit=1176111 read=306331 dirtied=550 written=77 -> HashAggregate (cost=2437223.63..2437223.88 rows=25 width=34) (actual time=76024.253..76024.257 rows=5 loops=1) Buffers: shared hit=1176108 read=306331 dirtied=550 written=77 -> Hash Join (cost=401687.12..2436489.32 rows=73431 width=34) (actual time=12871.724..75841.778 rows=73326 loops=1) Hash Cond: ((lineitem.l_suppkey = supplier.s_suppkey) AND (customer.c_nationkey = supplier.s_nationkey)) Buffers: shared hit=1176108 read=306331 dirtied=550 written=77 -> Hash Join (cost=397008.12..2394311.69 rows=1838216 width=46) (actual time=12743.120..71512.915 rows=1824645 loops=1) Hash Cond: (lineitem.l_orderkey = orders.o_orderkey) Buffers: shared hit=1174267 read=305990 dirtied=550 written=77 -> Seq Scan on lineitem (cost=0.00..1676899.62 rows=60404362 width=16) (actual time=0.027..18141.848 rows=60045310 loops=1) Buffers: shared hit=796839 read=276017 dirtied=248 written=1 -> Hash (cost=391262.23..391262.23 rows=459671 width=38) (actual time=12742.094..12742.094 rows=456371 loops=1) Buckets: 65536 Batches: 1 Memory Usage: 32089kB Buffers: shared hit=377428 read=29973 dirtied=302 written=76 -> Hash Join (cost=88530.33..391262.23 rows=459671 width=38) (actual time=2128.791..12406.776 rows=456371 loops=1) Hash Cond: (orders.o_custkey = customer.c_custkey) Buffers: shared hit=377428 read=29973 dirtied=302 written=76 -> Bitmap Heap Scan on orders (cost=49488.11..339004.47 rows=2298357 width=8) (actual time=1217.041..4763.556 rows=2284034 loops=1) Recheck Cond: ((o_orderdate >= '1996-01-01'::date) AND (o_orderdate < '1997-01-01 00:00:00'::timestamp without time zone)) Buffers: shared hit=232416 read=29046 dirtied=302 written=76 -> Bitmap Index Scan on orders_o_orderdate_o_orderkey_idx (cost=0.00..48913.52 rows=2298357 width=0) (actual time=1044.839..1044.839 rows=2297642 loops=1) Index Cond: ((o_orderdate >= '1996-01-01'::date) AND (o_orderdate < '1997-01-01 00:00:00'::timestamp without time zone)) Buffers: shared read=6438 -> Hash (cost=35292.22..35292.22 rows=300000 width=38) (actual time=911.499..911.499 rows=299436 loops=1) Buckets: 32768 Batches: 1 Memory Usage: 21055kB Buffers: shared hit=145012 read=927 -> Nested Loop (cost=905.09..35292.22 rows=300000 width=38) (actual time=27.681..780.370 rows=299436 loops=1) Buffers: shared hit=145012 read=927 -> Nested Loop (cost=0.00..14.07 rows=5 width=30) (actual time=0.065..0.144 rows=5 loops=1) Join Filter: (nation.n_regionkey = region.r_regionkey) Rows Removed by Join Filter: 20 Buffers: shared hit=3 -> Index Scan using pk_nation on nation (cost=0.00..12.63 rows=25 width=34) (actual time=0.020..0.050 rows=25 loops=1) Buffers: shared hit=2 -> Materialize (cost=0.00..1.07 rows=1 width=4) (actual time=0.002..0.002 rows=1 loops=25) Buffers: shared hit=1 -> Seq Scan on region (cost=0.00..1.06 rows=1 width=4) (actual time=0.026..0.027 rows=1 loops=1) Filter: (r_name = 'AMERICA'::bpchar) Rows Removed by Filter: 4 Buffers: shared hit=1 -> Bitmap Heap Scan on customer (cost=905.09..6455.63 rows=60000 width=8) (actual time=22.217..141.639 rows=59887 loops=5) Recheck Cond: (c_nationkey = nation.n_nationkey) Buffers: shared hit=145009 read=927 -> Bitmap Index Scan on customer_c_nationkey_c_custkey_idx (cost=0.00..890.09 rows=60000 width=0) (actual time=15.005..15.005 rows=59887 loops=5) Index Cond: (c_nationkey = nation.n_nationkey) Buffers: shared hit=7 read=827 -> Hash (cost=3179.00..3179.00 rows=100000 width=8) (actual time=126.844..126.844 rows=100000 loops=1) Buckets: 16384 Batches: 1 Memory Usage: 3907kB Buffers: shared hit=1838 read=341 -> Seq Scan on supplier (cost=0.00..3179.00 rows=100000 width=8) (actual time=0.016..83.218 rows=100000 loops=1) Buffers: shared hit=1838 read=341 Total runtime: 76035.298 ms (55 rows) COMMIT; COMMIT