BEGIN; BEGIN EXPLAIN (ANALYZE, BUFFERS) select n_name, sum(l_extendedprice * (1 - l_discount)) as revenue from customer, orders, lineitem, supplier, nation, region where c_custkey = o_custkey and l_orderkey = o_orderkey and l_suppkey = s_suppkey and c_nationkey = s_nationkey and s_nationkey = n_nationkey and n_regionkey = r_regionkey and r_name = 'AMERICA' and o_orderdate >= date '1994-01-01' and o_orderdate < date '1994-01-01' + interval '1 year' group by n_name order by revenue desc; QUERY PLAN ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Sort (cost=2448539.99..2448540.05 rows=25 width=34) (actual time=113734.770..113734.770 rows=5 loops=1) Sort Key: (sum((lineitem.l_extendedprice * (1::double precision - lineitem.l_discount)))) Sort Method: quicksort Memory: 25kB Buffers: shared hit=782381 read=706548 written=4333 -> HashAggregate (cost=2448539.16..2448539.41 rows=25 width=34) (actual time=113734.671..113734.674 rows=5 loops=1) Buffers: shared hit=782378 read=706548 written=4333 -> Hash Join (cost=403112.45..2447803.43 rows=73573 width=34) (actual time=21669.323..113481.608 rows=72900 loops=1) Hash Cond: ((lineitem.l_suppkey = supplier.s_suppkey) AND (customer.c_nationkey = supplier.s_nationkey)) Buffers: shared hit=782378 read=706548 written=4333 -> Hash Join (cost=398433.45..2405591.36 rows=1839867 width=46) (actual time=21492.501..109175.809 rows=1810835 loops=1) Hash Cond: (lineitem.l_orderkey = orders.o_orderkey) Buffers: shared hit=780196 read=706548 written=4333 -> Seq Scan on lineitem (cost=0.00..1685235.17 rows=60704817 width=16) (actual time=0.026..40492.711 rows=59984826 loops=1) Buffers: shared hit=413821 read=664366 -> Hash (cost=392688.14..392688.14 rows=459625 width=38) (actual time=21491.775..21491.775 rows=453042 loops=1) Buckets: 65536 Batches: 1 Memory Usage: 31855kB Buffers: shared hit=366375 read=42182 written=4333 -> Hash Join (cost=88948.01..392688.14 rows=459625 width=38) (actual time=6983.714..21084.591 rows=453042 loops=1) Hash Cond: (orders.o_custkey = customer.c_custkey) Buffers: shared hit=366375 read=42182 written=4333 -> Bitmap Heap Scan on orders (cost=49905.79..340431.70 rows=2298127 width=8) (actual time=2088.806..9293.477 rows=2275749 loops=1) Recheck Cond: ((o_orderdate >= '1994-01-01'::date) AND (o_orderdate < '1995-01-01 00:00:00'::timestamp without time zone)) Buffers: shared hit=256396 read=6222 written=927 -> Bitmap Index Scan on orders_o_orderdate_o_orderkey_idx (cost=0.00..49331.26 rows=2298127 width=0) (actual time=1960.720..1960.720 rows=2303234 loops=1) Index Cond: ((o_orderdate >= '1994-01-01'::date) AND (o_orderdate < '1995-01-01 00:00:00'::timestamp without time zone)) Buffers: shared hit=398 read=6188 written=924 -> Hash (cost=35292.22..35292.22 rows=300000 width=38) (actual time=4894.544..4894.544 rows=299436 loops=1) Buckets: 32768 Batches: 1 Memory Usage: 21055kB Buffers: shared hit=109979 read=35960 written=3406 -> Nested Loop (cost=905.09..35292.22 rows=300000 width=38) (actual time=35.558..4634.077 rows=299436 loops=1) Buffers: shared hit=109979 read=35960 written=3406 -> Nested Loop (cost=0.00..14.07 rows=5 width=30) (actual time=0.068..0.168 rows=5 loops=1) Join Filter: (nation.n_regionkey = region.r_regionkey) Rows Removed by Join Filter: 20 Buffers: shared hit=3 -> Index Scan using pk_nation on nation (cost=0.00..12.63 rows=25 width=34) (actual time=0.013..0.053 rows=25 loops=1) Buffers: shared hit=2 -> Materialize (cost=0.00..1.07 rows=1 width=4) (actual time=0.002..0.003 rows=1 loops=25) Buffers: shared hit=1 -> Seq Scan on region (cost=0.00..1.06 rows=1 width=4) (actual time=0.029..0.030 rows=1 loops=1) Filter: (r_name = 'AMERICA'::bpchar) Rows Removed by Filter: 4 Buffers: shared hit=1 -> Bitmap Heap Scan on customer (cost=905.09..6455.63 rows=60000 width=8) (actual time=37.448..900.830 rows=59887 loops=5) Recheck Cond: (c_nationkey = nation.n_nationkey) Buffers: shared hit=109976 read=35960 written=3406 -> Bitmap Index Scan on customer_c_nationkey_c_custkey_idx (cost=0.00..890.09 rows=60000 width=0) (actual time=27.064..27.064 rows=59887 loops=5) Index Cond: (c_nationkey = nation.n_nationkey) Buffers: shared hit=7 read=827 written=112 -> Hash (cost=3179.00..3179.00 rows=100000 width=8) (actual time=175.902..175.902 rows=100000 loops=1) Buckets: 16384 Batches: 1 Memory Usage: 3907kB Buffers: shared hit=2179 -> Seq Scan on supplier (cost=0.00..3179.00 rows=100000 width=8) (actual time=0.011..128.319 rows=100000 loops=1) Buffers: shared hit=2179 Total runtime: 113750.739 ms (55 rows) COMMIT; COMMIT