BEGIN; BEGIN EXPLAIN (ANALYZE, BUFFERS) select supp_nation, cust_nation, l_year, sum(volume) as revenue from ( select n1.n_name as supp_nation, n2.n_name as cust_nation, extract(year from l_shipdate) as l_year, l_extendedprice * (1 - l_discount) as volume from supplier, lineitem, orders, customer, nation n1, nation n2 where s_suppkey = l_suppkey and o_orderkey = l_orderkey and c_custkey = o_custkey and s_nationkey = n1.n_nationkey and c_nationkey = n2.n_nationkey and ( (n1.n_name = 'ARGENTINA' and n2.n_name = 'ROMANIA') or (n1.n_name = 'ROMANIA' and n2.n_name = 'ARGENTINA') ) and l_shipdate between date '1995-01-01' and date '1996-12-31' ) as shipping group by supp_nation, cust_nation, l_year order by supp_nation, cust_nation, l_year; QUERY PLAN --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- GroupAggregate (cost=2358625.41..2360525.55 rows=58466 width=64) (actual time=137920.882..137951.271 rows=4 loops=1) Buffers: shared hit=728798 read=702467 written=5072 -> Sort (cost=2358625.41..2358771.57 rows=58466 width=64) (actual time=137909.759..137917.901 rows=59057 loops=1) Sort Key: n1.n_name, n2.n_name, (date_part('year'::text, (lineitem.l_shipdate)::timestamp without time zone)) Sort Method: quicksort Memory: 9841kB Buffers: shared hit=728798 read=702467 written=5072 -> Hash Join (cost=895946.17..2353996.27 rows=58466 width=64) (actual time=57295.936..137521.675 rows=59057 loops=1) Hash Cond: ((lineitem.l_suppkey = supplier.s_suppkey) AND (n1.n_nationkey = supplier.s_nationkey)) Buffers: shared hit=728790 read=702467 written=5072 -> Hash Join (cost=891267.17..2319197.74 rows=1462127 width=72) (actual time=57146.132..133429.170 rows=1460847 loops=1) Hash Cond: (lineitem.l_orderkey = orders.o_orderkey) Buffers: shared hit=726608 read=702467 written=5072 -> Bitmap Heap Scan on lineitem (cost=387187.79..1731905.03 rows=18291216 width=20) (actual time=18214.194..67102.146 rows=18229496 loops=1) Recheck Cond: ((l_shipdate >= '1995-01-01'::date) AND (l_shipdate <= '1996-12-31'::date)) Buffers: shared hit=449290 read=667281 written=4821 -> Bitmap Index Scan on lineitem_l_shipdate_l_suppkey__idx (cost=0.00..382614.99 rows=18291216 width=0) (actual time=17368.490..17368.490 rows=18319186 loops=1) Index Cond: ((l_shipdate >= '1995-01-01'::date) AND (l_shipdate <= '1996-12-31'::date)) Buffers: shared hit=5255 read=44560 written=4763 -> Hash (cost=489031.49..489031.49 rows=1203831 width=60) (actual time=38930.914..38930.914 rows=1197956 loops=1) Buckets: 131072 Batches: 1 Memory Usage: 107629kB Buffers: shared hit=277318 read=35186 written=251 -> Hash Join (cost=15638.06..489031.49 rows=1203831 width=60) (actual time=3130.167..37928.919 rows=1197956 loops=1) Hash Cond: (orders.o_custkey = customer.c_custkey) Buffers: shared hit=277318 read=35186 written=251 -> Seq Scan on orders (cost=0.00..404880.36 rows=15059936 width=8) (actual time=0.016..7363.364 rows=15000000 loops=1) Buffers: shared hit=253677 read=604 -> Hash (cost=14139.26..14139.26 rows=119904 width=60) (actual time=3129.979..3129.979 rows=119889 loops=1) Buckets: 16384 Batches: 1 Memory Usage: 10772kB Buffers: shared hit=23641 read=34582 written=251 -> Nested Loop (cost=905.09..14139.26 rows=119904 width=60) (actual time=39.396..2313.770 rows=119889 loops=1) Buffers: shared hit=23641 read=34582 written=251 -> Nested Loop (cost=0.00..28.00 rows=2 width=60) (actual time=0.081..0.450 rows=2 loops=1) Join Filter: (((n1.n_name = 'ARGENTINA'::bpchar) AND (n2.n_name = 'ROMANIA'::bpchar)) OR ((n1.n_name = 'ROMANIA'::bpchar) AND (n2.n_name = 'ARGENTINA'::bpchar))) Rows Removed by Join Filter: 623 Buffers: shared hit=3 -> Index Scan using pk_nation on nation n1 (cost=0.00..12.63 rows=25 width=30) (actual time=0.016..0.038 rows=25 loops=1) Buffers: shared hit=2 -> Materialize (cost=0.00..1.38 rows=25 width=30) (actual time=0.000..0.004 rows=25 loops=25) Buffers: shared hit=1 -> Seq Scan on nation n2 (cost=0.00..1.25 rows=25 width=30) (actual time=0.004..0.006 rows=25 loops=1) Buffers: shared hit=1 -> Bitmap Heap Scan on customer (cost=905.09..6455.63 rows=60000 width=8) (actual time=43.693..1133.115 rows=59944 loops=2) Recheck Cond: (c_nationkey = n2.n_nationkey) Buffers: shared hit=23638 read=34582 written=251 -> Bitmap Index Scan on customer_c_nationkey_c_custkey_idx (cost=0.00..890.09 rows=60000 width=0) (actual time=30.736..30.736 rows=59944 loops=2) Index Cond: (c_nationkey = n2.n_nationkey) Buffers: shared hit=1 read=335 written=8 -> Hash (cost=3179.00..3179.00 rows=100000 width=8) (actual time=145.208..145.208 rows=100000 loops=1) Buckets: 16384 Batches: 1 Memory Usage: 3907kB Buffers: shared hit=2179 -> Seq Scan on supplier (cost=0.00..3179.00 rows=100000 width=8) (actual time=0.012..97.974 rows=100000 loops=1) Buffers: shared hit=2179 Total runtime: 137999.660 ms (53 rows) COMMIT; COMMIT