BEGIN; BEGIN EXPLAIN (ANALYZE, BUFFERS) select n_name, sum(l_extendedprice * (1 - l_discount)) as revenue from customer, orders, lineitem, supplier, nation, region where c_custkey = o_custkey and l_orderkey = o_orderkey and l_suppkey = s_suppkey and c_nationkey = s_nationkey and s_nationkey = n_nationkey and n_regionkey = r_regionkey and r_name = 'EUROPE' and o_orderdate >= date '1994-01-01' and o_orderdate < date '1994-01-01' + interval '1 year' group by n_name order by revenue desc; QUERY PLAN ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Sort (cost=2421615.79..2421615.85 rows=25 width=34) (actual time=88743.773..88743.774 rows=5 loops=1) Sort Key: (sum((lineitem.l_extendedprice * (1::double precision - lineitem.l_discount)))) Sort Method: quicksort Memory: 25kB Buffers: shared hit=1149745 read=324816 written=2288 -> HashAggregate (cost=2421614.96..2421615.21 rows=25 width=34) (actual time=88743.702..88743.706 rows=5 loops=1) Buffers: shared hit=1149742 read=324816 written=2288 -> Hash Join (cost=398407.07..2420887.22 rows=72774 width=34) (actual time=14472.712..88551.949 rows=73255 loops=1) Hash Cond: ((lineitem.l_suppkey = supplier.s_suppkey) AND (customer.c_nationkey = supplier.s_nationkey)) Buffers: shared hit=1149742 read=324816 written=2288 -> Hash Join (cost=393728.07..2379082.86 rows=1819881 width=46) (actual time=14338.467..84262.017 rows=1829071 loops=1) Hash Cond: (lineitem.l_orderkey = orders.o_orderkey) Buffers: shared hit=1147725 read=324651 written=2288 -> Seq Scan on lineitem (cost=0.00..1666929.00 rows=60045400 width=16) (actual time=0.022..25060.958 rows=59985329 loops=1) Buffers: shared hit=812212 read=254263 written=4 -> Hash (cost=388039.57..388039.57 rows=455080 width=38) (actual time=14337.872..14337.872 rows=457031 loops=1) Buckets: 65536 Batches: 1 Memory Usage: 32135kB Buffers: shared hit=335513 read=70388 written=2284 -> Hash Join (cost=87302.98..388039.57 rows=455080 width=38) (actual time=3451.030..13985.730 rows=457031 loops=1) Hash Cond: (orders.o_custkey = customer.c_custkey) Buffers: shared hit=335513 read=70388 written=2284 -> Bitmap Heap Scan on orders (cost=48260.77..335913.80 rows=2275402 width=8) (actual time=1277.328..5822.603 rows=2275927 loops=1) Recheck Cond: ((o_orderdate >= '1994-01-01'::date) AND (o_orderdate < '1995-01-01 00:00:00'::timestamp without time zone)) Buffers: shared hit=200437 read=59286 written=2284 -> Bitmap Index Scan on orders_o_orderdate_o_orderkey_idx (cost=0.00..47691.92 rows=2275402 width=0) (actual time=1147.499..1147.499 rows=2278245 loops=1) Index Cond: ((o_orderdate >= '1994-01-01'::date) AND (o_orderdate < '1995-01-01 00:00:00'::timestamp without time zone)) Buffers: shared hit=1556 read=4666 -> Hash (cost=35292.22..35292.22 rows=300000 width=38) (actual time=2173.439..2173.439 rows=300963 loops=1) Buckets: 32768 Batches: 1 Memory Usage: 21162kB Buffers: shared hit=135076 read=11102 -> Nested Loop (cost=905.09..35292.22 rows=300000 width=38) (actual time=72.284..1957.902 rows=300963 loops=1) Buffers: shared hit=135076 read=11102 -> Nested Loop (cost=0.00..14.07 rows=5 width=30) (actual time=0.082..0.194 rows=5 loops=1) Join Filter: (nation.n_regionkey = region.r_regionkey) Rows Removed by Join Filter: 20 Buffers: shared hit=3 -> Index Scan using pk_nation on nation (cost=0.00..12.63 rows=25 width=34) (actual time=0.020..0.070 rows=25 loops=1) Buffers: shared hit=2 -> Materialize (cost=0.00..1.07 rows=1 width=4) (actual time=0.002..0.003 rows=1 loops=25) Buffers: shared hit=1 -> Seq Scan on region (cost=0.00..1.06 rows=1 width=4) (actual time=0.026..0.027 rows=1 loops=1) Filter: (r_name = 'EUROPE'::bpchar) Rows Removed by Filter: 4 Buffers: shared hit=1 -> Bitmap Heap Scan on customer (cost=905.09..6455.63 rows=60000 width=8) (actual time=48.522..366.462 rows=60193 loops=5) Recheck Cond: (c_nationkey = nation.n_nationkey) Buffers: shared hit=135073 read=11102 -> Bitmap Index Scan on customer_c_nationkey_c_custkey_idx (cost=0.00..890.09 rows=60000 width=0) (actual time=36.746..36.746 rows=60193 loops=5) Index Cond: (c_nationkey = nation.n_nationkey) Buffers: shared hit=10 read=829 -> Hash (cost=3179.00..3179.00 rows=100000 width=8) (actual time=130.503..130.503 rows=100000 loops=1) Buckets: 16384 Batches: 1 Memory Usage: 3907kB Buffers: shared hit=2014 read=165 -> Seq Scan on supplier (cost=0.00..3179.00 rows=100000 width=8) (actual time=0.009..81.094 rows=100000 loops=1) Buffers: shared hit=2014 read=165 Total runtime: 88759.037 ms (55 rows) COMMIT; COMMIT