BEGIN; BEGIN EXPLAIN (ANALYZE, BUFFERS) select n_name, sum(l_extendedprice * (1 - l_discount)) as revenue from customer, orders, lineitem, supplier, nation, region where c_custkey = o_custkey and l_orderkey = o_orderkey and l_suppkey = s_suppkey and c_nationkey = s_nationkey and s_nationkey = n_nationkey and n_regionkey = r_regionkey and r_name = 'AMERICA' and o_orderdate >= date '1997-01-01' and o_orderdate < date '1997-01-01' + interval '1 year' group by n_name order by revenue desc; QUERY PLAN ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Sort (cost=2440633.64..2440633.70 rows=25 width=34) (actual time=102485.371..102485.372 rows=5 loops=1) Sort Key: (sum((lineitem.l_extendedprice * (1::double precision - lineitem.l_discount)))) Sort Method: quicksort Memory: 25kB Buffers: shared hit=743274 read=740570 dirtied=1055 written=1056 -> HashAggregate (cost=2440632.81..2440633.06 rows=25 width=34) (actual time=102485.272..102485.276 rows=5 loops=1) Buffers: shared hit=743271 read=740570 dirtied=1055 written=1056 -> Hash Join (cost=402818.54..2439893.68 rows=73913 width=34) (actual time=16675.858..102238.421 rows=72785 loops=1) Hash Cond: ((lineitem.l_suppkey = supplier.s_suppkey) AND (customer.c_nationkey = supplier.s_nationkey)) Buffers: shared hit=743271 read=740570 dirtied=1055 written=1056 -> Hash Join (cost=398139.54..2397508.15 rows=1848370 width=46) (actual time=16536.213..97365.724 rows=1821418 loops=1) Hash Cond: (lineitem.l_orderkey = orders.o_orderkey) Buffers: shared hit=741089 read=740570 dirtied=1055 written=1056 -> Seq Scan on lineitem (cost=0.00..1678562.61 rows=60464461 width=16) (actual time=0.030..34646.492 rows=60044664 loops=1) Buffers: shared hit=352766 read=721152 dirtied=1055 written=1056 -> Hash (cost=392361.90..392361.90 rows=462211 width=38) (actual time=16535.617..16535.617 rows=455360 loops=1) Buckets: 65536 Batches: 1 Memory Usage: 32018kB Buffers: shared hit=388323 read=19418 -> Hash Join (cost=89112.51..392361.90 rows=462211 width=38) (actual time=3779.385..16135.200 rows=455360 loops=1) Hash Cond: (orders.o_custkey = customer.c_custkey) Buffers: shared hit=388323 read=19418 -> Bitmap Heap Scan on orders (cost=50070.29..340031.11 rows=2311055 width=8) (actual time=2014.182..7276.624 rows=2277965 loops=1) Recheck Cond: ((o_orderdate >= '1997-01-01'::date) AND (o_orderdate < '1998-01-01 00:00:00'::timestamp without time zone)) Buffers: shared hit=247354 read=14448 -> Bitmap Index Scan on orders_o_orderdate_o_orderkey_idx (cost=0.00..49492.53 rows=2311055 width=0) (actual time=1902.555..1902.555 rows=2293838 loops=1) Index Cond: ((o_orderdate >= '1997-01-01'::date) AND (o_orderdate < '1998-01-01 00:00:00'::timestamp without time zone)) Buffers: shared read=6525 -> Hash (cost=35292.22..35292.22 rows=300000 width=38) (actual time=1764.737..1764.737 rows=299436 loops=1) Buckets: 32768 Batches: 1 Memory Usage: 21055kB Buffers: shared hit=140969 read=4970 -> Nested Loop (cost=905.09..35292.22 rows=300000 width=38) (actual time=34.861..1544.254 rows=299436 loops=1) Buffers: shared hit=140969 read=4970 -> Nested Loop (cost=0.00..14.07 rows=5 width=30) (actual time=0.066..0.182 rows=5 loops=1) Join Filter: (nation.n_regionkey = region.r_regionkey) Rows Removed by Join Filter: 20 Buffers: shared hit=3 -> Index Scan using pk_nation on nation (cost=0.00..12.63 rows=25 width=34) (actual time=0.014..0.054 rows=25 loops=1) Buffers: shared hit=2 -> Materialize (cost=0.00..1.07 rows=1 width=4) (actual time=0.002..0.003 rows=1 loops=25) Buffers: shared hit=1 -> Seq Scan on region (cost=0.00..1.06 rows=1 width=4) (actual time=0.030..0.032 rows=1 loops=1) Filter: (r_name = 'AMERICA'::bpchar) Rows Removed by Filter: 4 Buffers: shared hit=1 -> Bitmap Heap Scan on customer (cost=905.09..6455.63 rows=60000 width=8) (actual time=32.447..284.223 rows=59887 loops=5) Recheck Cond: (c_nationkey = nation.n_nationkey) Buffers: shared hit=140966 read=4970 -> Bitmap Index Scan on customer_c_nationkey_c_custkey_idx (cost=0.00..890.09 rows=60000 width=0) (actual time=22.170..22.170 rows=59887 loops=5) Index Cond: (c_nationkey = nation.n_nationkey) Buffers: shared hit=175 read=659 -> Hash (cost=3179.00..3179.00 rows=100000 width=8) (actual time=139.361..139.361 rows=100000 loops=1) Buckets: 16384 Batches: 1 Memory Usage: 3907kB Buffers: shared hit=2179 -> Seq Scan on supplier (cost=0.00..3179.00 rows=100000 width=8) (actual time=0.018..92.485 rows=100000 loops=1) Buffers: shared hit=2179 Total runtime: 102499.014 ms (55 rows) COMMIT; COMMIT