BEGIN; BEGIN EXPLAIN (ANALYZE, BUFFERS) select n_name, sum(l_extendedprice * (1 - l_discount)) as revenue from customer, orders, lineitem, supplier, nation, region where c_custkey = o_custkey and l_orderkey = o_orderkey and l_suppkey = s_suppkey and c_nationkey = s_nationkey and s_nationkey = n_nationkey and n_regionkey = r_regionkey and r_name = 'MIDDLE EAST' and o_orderdate >= date '1996-01-01' and o_orderdate < date '1996-01-01' + interval '1 year' group by n_name order by revenue desc; QUERY PLAN ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Sort (cost=2430798.01..2430798.07 rows=25 width=34) (actual time=116874.079..116874.079 rows=5 loops=1) Sort Key: (sum((lineitem.l_extendedprice * (1::double precision - lineitem.l_discount)))) Sort Method: quicksort Memory: 25kB Buffers: shared hit=1006437 read=473414 dirtied=253 written=653 -> HashAggregate (cost=2430797.18..2430797.43 rows=25 width=34) (actual time=116873.997..116874.001 rows=5 loops=1) Buffers: shared hit=1006434 read=473414 dirtied=253 written=653 -> Hash Join (cost=399602.05..2430067.88 rows=72930 width=34) (actual time=16665.391..116589.203 rows=72738 loops=1) Hash Cond: ((lineitem.l_suppkey = supplier.s_suppkey) AND (customer.c_nationkey = supplier.s_nationkey)) Buffers: shared hit=1006434 read=473414 dirtied=253 written=653 -> Hash Join (cost=394923.05..2388183.86 rows=1823786 width=46) (actual time=16513.334..111708.388 rows=1826133 loops=1) Hash Cond: (lineitem.l_orderkey = orders.o_orderkey) Buffers: shared hit=1004252 read=473414 dirtied=253 written=653 -> Seq Scan on lineitem (cost=0.00..1673595.31 rows=60285531 width=16) (actual time=0.026..41832.130 rows=60046221 loops=1) Buffers: shared hit=639935 read=430805 -> Hash (cost=389222.39..389222.39 rows=456053 width=38) (actual time=16512.403..16512.403 rows=456498 loops=1) Buckets: 65536 Batches: 1 Memory Usage: 32098kB Buffers: shared hit=364317 read=42609 dirtied=253 written=653 -> Hash Join (cost=87372.85..389222.39 rows=456053 width=38) (actual time=4280.522..16114.221 rows=456498 loops=1) Hash Cond: (orders.o_custkey = customer.c_custkey) Buffers: shared hit=364317 read=42609 dirtied=253 written=653 -> Bitmap Heap Scan on orders (cost=48330.64..337068.64 rows=2280267 width=8) (actual time=1582.396..6842.869 rows=2283946 loops=1) Recheck Cond: ((o_orderdate >= '1996-01-01'::date) AND (o_orderdate < '1997-01-01 00:00:00'::timestamp without time zone)) Buffers: shared hit=254264 read=6505 dirtied=253 -> Bitmap Index Scan on orders_o_orderdate_o_orderkey_idx (cost=0.00..47760.57 rows=2280267 width=0) (actual time=1397.023..1397.023 rows=2293077 loops=1) Index Cond: ((o_orderdate >= '1996-01-01'::date) AND (o_orderdate < '1997-01-01 00:00:00'::timestamp without time zone)) Buffers: shared read=6252 -> Hash (cost=35292.22..35292.22 rows=300000 width=38) (actual time=2697.797..2697.797 rows=299838 loops=1) Buckets: 32768 Batches: 1 Memory Usage: 21083kB Buffers: shared hit=110053 read=36104 written=653 -> Nested Loop (cost=905.09..35292.22 rows=300000 width=38) (actual time=38.567..2426.662 rows=299838 loops=1) Buffers: shared hit=110053 read=36104 written=653 -> Nested Loop (cost=0.00..14.07 rows=5 width=30) (actual time=0.061..0.161 rows=5 loops=1) Join Filter: (nation.n_regionkey = region.r_regionkey) Rows Removed by Join Filter: 20 Buffers: shared hit=3 -> Index Scan using pk_nation on nation (cost=0.00..12.63 rows=25 width=34) (actual time=0.010..0.039 rows=25 loops=1) Buffers: shared hit=2 -> Materialize (cost=0.00..1.07 rows=1 width=4) (actual time=0.002..0.003 rows=1 loops=25) Buffers: shared hit=1 -> Seq Scan on region (cost=0.00..1.06 rows=1 width=4) (actual time=0.026..0.027 rows=1 loops=1) Filter: (r_name = 'MIDDLE EAST'::bpchar) Rows Removed by Filter: 4 Buffers: shared hit=1 -> Bitmap Heap Scan on customer (cost=905.09..6455.63 rows=60000 width=8) (actual time=33.114..461.534 rows=59968 loops=5) Recheck Cond: (c_nationkey = nation.n_nationkey) Buffers: shared hit=110050 read=36104 written=653 -> Bitmap Index Scan on customer_c_nationkey_c_custkey_idx (cost=0.00..890.09 rows=60000 width=0) (actual time=23.017..23.017 rows=59968 loops=5) Index Cond: (c_nationkey = nation.n_nationkey) Buffers: shared hit=5 read=832 -> Hash (cost=3179.00..3179.00 rows=100000 width=8) (actual time=151.708..151.708 rows=100000 loops=1) Buckets: 16384 Batches: 1 Memory Usage: 3907kB Buffers: shared hit=2179 -> Seq Scan on supplier (cost=0.00..3179.00 rows=100000 width=8) (actual time=0.011..103.529 rows=100000 loops=1) Buffers: shared hit=2179 Total runtime: 116900.845 ms (55 rows) COMMIT; COMMIT