BEGIN; BEGIN EXPLAIN (ANALYZE, BUFFERS) select n_name, sum(l_extendedprice * (1 - l_discount)) as revenue from customer, orders, lineitem, supplier, nation, region where c_custkey = o_custkey and l_orderkey = o_orderkey and l_suppkey = s_suppkey and c_nationkey = s_nationkey and s_nationkey = n_nationkey and n_regionkey = r_regionkey and r_name = 'MIDDLE EAST' and o_orderdate >= date '1997-01-01' and o_orderdate < date '1997-01-01' + interval '1 year' group by n_name order by revenue desc; QUERY PLAN ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Sort (cost=2436764.78..2436764.85 rows=25 width=34) (actual time=93987.688..93987.689 rows=5 loops=1) Sort Key: (sum((lineitem.l_extendedprice * (1::double precision - lineitem.l_discount)))) Sort Method: quicksort Memory: 25kB Buffers: shared hit=1078480 read=404195 dirtied=1038 written=7 -> HashAggregate (cost=2436763.95..2436764.20 rows=25 width=34) (actual time=93987.539..93987.597 rows=5 loops=1) Buffers: shared hit=1078477 read=404195 dirtied=1038 written=7 -> Hash Join (cost=401385.33..2436030.80 rows=73315 width=34) (actual time=15239.588..93746.193 rows=73012 loops=1) Hash Cond: ((lineitem.l_suppkey = supplier.s_suppkey) AND (customer.c_nationkey = supplier.s_nationkey)) Buffers: shared hit=1078477 read=404195 dirtied=1038 written=7 -> Hash Join (cost=396706.33..2393961.91 rows=1832837 width=46) (actual time=15081.787..89056.665 rows=1820770 loops=1) Hash Cond: (lineitem.l_orderkey = orders.o_orderkey) Buffers: shared hit=1076295 read=404195 dirtied=1038 written=7 -> Seq Scan on lineitem (cost=0.00..1676903.48 rows=60404748 width=16) (actual time=0.047..29016.089 rows=60045310 loops=1) Buffers: shared hit=676025 read=396831 dirtied=1038 written=7 -> Hash (cost=390977.29..390977.29 rows=458323 width=38) (actual time=15081.245..15081.245 rows=455287 loops=1) Buckets: 65536 Batches: 1 Memory Usage: 32013kB Buffers: shared hit=400270 read=7364 -> Hash Join (cost=88385.25..390977.29 rows=458323 width=38) (actual time=4103.552..14755.314 rows=455287 loops=1) Hash Cond: (orders.o_custkey = customer.c_custkey) Buffers: shared hit=400270 read=7364 -> Bitmap Heap Scan on orders (cost=49343.03..338758.28 rows=2291617 width=8) (actual time=1915.889..6294.519 rows=2278089 loops=1) Recheck Cond: ((o_orderdate >= '1997-01-01'::date) AND (o_orderdate < '1998-01-01 00:00:00'::timestamp without time zone)) Buffers: shared hit=254949 read=6528 -> Bitmap Index Scan on orders_o_orderdate_o_orderkey_idx (cost=0.00..48770.12 rows=2291617 width=0) (actual time=1780.348..1780.348 rows=2291649 loops=1) Index Cond: ((o_orderdate >= '1997-01-01'::date) AND (o_orderdate < '1998-01-01 00:00:00'::timestamp without time zone)) Buffers: shared read=6454 -> Hash (cost=35292.22..35292.22 rows=300000 width=38) (actual time=2187.226..2187.226 rows=299838 loops=1) Buckets: 32768 Batches: 1 Memory Usage: 21083kB Buffers: shared hit=145321 read=836 -> Nested Loop (cost=905.09..35292.22 rows=300000 width=38) (actual time=32.117..1972.431 rows=299838 loops=1) Buffers: shared hit=145321 read=836 -> Nested Loop (cost=0.00..14.07 rows=5 width=30) (actual time=0.066..0.203 rows=5 loops=1) Join Filter: (nation.n_regionkey = region.r_regionkey) Rows Removed by Join Filter: 20 Buffers: shared hit=3 -> Index Scan using pk_nation on nation (cost=0.00..12.63 rows=25 width=34) (actual time=0.014..0.068 rows=25 loops=1) Buffers: shared hit=2 -> Materialize (cost=0.00..1.07 rows=1 width=4) (actual time=0.002..0.002 rows=1 loops=25) Buffers: shared hit=1 -> Seq Scan on region (cost=0.00..1.06 rows=1 width=4) (actual time=0.028..0.028 rows=1 loops=1) Filter: (r_name = 'MIDDLE EAST'::bpchar) Rows Removed by Filter: 4 Buffers: shared hit=1 -> Bitmap Heap Scan on customer (cost=905.09..6455.63 rows=60000 width=8) (actual time=31.729..369.374 rows=59968 loops=5) Recheck Cond: (c_nationkey = nation.n_nationkey) Buffers: shared hit=145318 read=836 -> Bitmap Index Scan on customer_c_nationkey_c_custkey_idx (cost=0.00..890.09 rows=60000 width=0) (actual time=22.180..22.180 rows=59968 loops=5) Index Cond: (c_nationkey = nation.n_nationkey) Buffers: shared hit=7 read=830 -> Hash (cost=3179.00..3179.00 rows=100000 width=8) (actual time=157.391..157.391 rows=100000 loops=1) Buckets: 16384 Batches: 1 Memory Usage: 3907kB Buffers: shared hit=2179 -> Seq Scan on supplier (cost=0.00..3179.00 rows=100000 width=8) (actual time=0.016..109.957 rows=100000 loops=1) Buffers: shared hit=2179 Total runtime: 93999.776 ms (55 rows) COMMIT; COMMIT