BEGIN; BEGIN EXPLAIN (ANALYZE, BUFFERS) select n_name, sum(l_extendedprice * (1 - l_discount)) as revenue from customer, orders, lineitem, supplier, nation, region where c_custkey = o_custkey and l_orderkey = o_orderkey and l_suppkey = s_suppkey and c_nationkey = s_nationkey and s_nationkey = n_nationkey and n_regionkey = r_regionkey and r_name = 'MIDDLE EAST' and o_orderdate >= date '1996-01-01' and o_orderdate < date '1996-01-01' + interval '1 year' group by n_name order by revenue desc; QUERY PLAN ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Sort (cost=2437158.50..2437158.56 rows=25 width=34) (actual time=85478.050..85478.051 rows=5 loops=1) Sort Key: (sum((lineitem.l_extendedprice * (1::double precision - lineitem.l_discount)))) Sort Method: quicksort Memory: 25kB Buffers: shared hit=913296 read=569364 written=49 -> HashAggregate (cost=2437157.67..2437157.92 rows=25 width=34) (actual time=85477.950..85477.952 rows=5 loops=1) Buffers: shared hit=913293 read=569364 written=49 -> Hash Join (cost=401639.72..2436422.72 rows=73495 width=34) (actual time=16391.003..85266.464 rows=72744 loops=1) Hash Cond: ((lineitem.l_suppkey = supplier.s_suppkey) AND (customer.c_nationkey = supplier.s_nationkey)) Buffers: shared hit=913293 read=569364 written=49 -> Hash Join (cost=396960.72..2394261.15 rows=1837381 width=46) (actual time=16231.412..81346.753 rows=1826253 loops=1) Hash Cond: (lineitem.l_orderkey = orders.o_orderkey) Buffers: shared hit=913287 read=567188 written=49 -> Seq Scan on lineitem (cost=0.00..1676903.08 rows=60404708 width=16) (actual time=0.035..23049.083 rows=60045310 loops=1) Buffers: shared hit=560578 read=512278 -> Hash (cost=391217.47..391217.47 rows=459460 width=38) (actual time=16230.876..16230.876 rows=456531 loops=1) Buckets: 65536 Batches: 1 Memory Usage: 32100kB Buffers: shared hit=352709 read=54910 written=49 -> Hash Join (cost=88507.50..391217.47 rows=459460 width=38) (actual time=3000.045..15359.711 rows=456531 loops=1) Hash Cond: (orders.o_custkey = customer.c_custkey) Buffers: shared hit=352709 read=54910 written=49 -> Bitmap Heap Scan on orders (cost=49465.28..338965.78 rows=2297300 width=8) (actual time=1619.723..7105.511 rows=2284034 loops=1) Recheck Cond: ((o_orderdate >= '1996-01-01'::date) AND (o_orderdate < '1997-01-01 00:00:00'::timestamp without time zone)) Buffers: shared hit=207494 read=53968 written=49 -> Bitmap Index Scan on orders_o_orderdate_o_orderkey_idx (cost=0.00..48890.95 rows=2297300 width=0) (actual time=1332.989..1332.989 rows=2297642 loops=1) Index Cond: ((o_orderdate >= '1996-01-01'::date) AND (o_orderdate < '1997-01-01 00:00:00'::timestamp without time zone)) Buffers: shared read=6438 -> Hash (cost=35292.22..35292.22 rows=300000 width=38) (actual time=1379.843..1379.843 rows=299838 loops=1) Buckets: 32768 Batches: 1 Memory Usage: 21083kB Buffers: shared hit=145215 read=942 -> Nested Loop (cost=905.09..35292.22 rows=300000 width=38) (actual time=32.497..1197.552 rows=299838 loops=1) Buffers: shared hit=145215 read=942 -> Nested Loop (cost=0.00..14.07 rows=5 width=30) (actual time=0.070..0.176 rows=5 loops=1) Join Filter: (nation.n_regionkey = region.r_regionkey) Rows Removed by Join Filter: 20 Buffers: shared hit=3 -> Index Scan using pk_nation on nation (cost=0.00..12.63 rows=25 width=34) (actual time=0.017..0.066 rows=25 loops=1) Buffers: shared hit=2 -> Materialize (cost=0.00..1.07 rows=1 width=4) (actual time=0.002..0.002 rows=1 loops=25) Buffers: shared hit=1 -> Seq Scan on region (cost=0.00..1.06 rows=1 width=4) (actual time=0.031..0.031 rows=1 loops=1) Filter: (r_name = 'MIDDLE EAST'::bpchar) Rows Removed by Filter: 4 Buffers: shared hit=1 -> Bitmap Heap Scan on customer (cost=905.09..6455.63 rows=60000 width=8) (actual time=30.510..218.226 rows=59968 loops=5) Recheck Cond: (c_nationkey = nation.n_nationkey) Buffers: shared hit=145212 read=942 -> Bitmap Index Scan on customer_c_nationkey_c_custkey_idx (cost=0.00..890.09 rows=60000 width=0) (actual time=21.005..21.005 rows=59968 loops=5) Index Cond: (c_nationkey = nation.n_nationkey) Buffers: shared hit=5 read=832 -> Hash (cost=3179.00..3179.00 rows=100000 width=8) (actual time=159.093..159.093 rows=100000 loops=1) Buckets: 16384 Batches: 1 Memory Usage: 3907kB Buffers: shared hit=3 read=2176 -> Seq Scan on supplier (cost=0.00..3179.00 rows=100000 width=8) (actual time=0.010..113.336 rows=100000 loops=1) Buffers: shared hit=3 read=2176 Total runtime: 85493.231 ms (55 rows) COMMIT; COMMIT