BEGIN; BEGIN EXPLAIN (ANALYZE, BUFFERS) select n_name, sum(l_extendedprice * (1 - l_discount)) as revenue from customer, orders, lineitem, supplier, nation, region where c_custkey = o_custkey and l_orderkey = o_orderkey and l_suppkey = s_suppkey and c_nationkey = s_nationkey and s_nationkey = n_nationkey and n_regionkey = r_regionkey and r_name = 'EUROPE' and o_orderdate >= date '1994-01-01' and o_orderdate < date '1994-01-01' + interval '1 year' group by n_name order by revenue desc; QUERY PLAN ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Sort (cost=2430613.33..2430613.39 rows=25 width=34) (actual time=85421.100..85421.100 rows=5 loops=1) Sort Key: (sum((lineitem.l_extendedprice * (1::double precision - lineitem.l_discount)))) Sort Method: quicksort Memory: 25kB Buffers: shared hit=1092623 read=387231 dirtied=253 written=4 -> HashAggregate (cost=2430612.50..2430612.75 rows=25 width=34) (actual time=85420.929..85420.933 rows=5 loops=1) Buffers: shared hit=1092620 read=387231 dirtied=253 written=4 -> Hash Join (cost=399483.15..2429883.86 rows=72864 width=34) (actual time=13894.185..85221.459 rows=73362 loops=1) Hash Cond: ((lineitem.l_suppkey = supplier.s_suppkey) AND (customer.c_nationkey = supplier.s_nationkey)) Buffers: shared hit=1092620 read=387231 dirtied=253 written=4 -> Hash Join (cost=394804.15..2388043.90 rows=1821616 width=46) (actual time=13776.919..80931.272 rows=1830786 loops=1) Hash Cond: (lineitem.l_orderkey = orders.o_orderkey) Buffers: shared hit=1090438 read=387231 dirtied=253 written=4 -> Seq Scan on lineitem (cost=0.00..1673595.71 rows=60285571 width=16) (actual time=0.049..21154.523 rows=60046221 loops=1) Buffers: shared hit=735254 read=335486 dirtied=1 written=4 -> Hash (cost=389110.26..389110.26 rows=455511 width=38) (actual time=13776.173..13776.173 rows=457434 loops=1) Buckets: 65536 Batches: 1 Memory Usage: 32164kB Buffers: shared hit=355184 read=51745 dirtied=252 -> Hash Join (cost=87317.04..389110.26 rows=455511 width=38) (actual time=3547.750..13436.564 rows=457434 loops=1) Hash Cond: (orders.o_custkey = customer.c_custkey) Buffers: shared hit=355184 read=51745 dirtied=252 -> Bitmap Heap Scan on orders (cost=48274.82..336972.11 rows=2277553 width=8) (actual time=1761.299..5241.548 rows=2278174 loops=1) Recheck Cond: ((o_orderdate >= '1994-01-01'::date) AND (o_orderdate < '1995-01-01 00:00:00'::timestamp without time zone)) Buffers: shared hit=240957 read=19794 dirtied=252 -> Bitmap Index Scan on orders_o_orderdate_o_orderkey_idx (cost=0.00..47705.43 rows=2277553 width=0) (actual time=1629.623..1629.623 rows=2287382 loops=1) Index Cond: ((o_orderdate >= '1994-01-01'::date) AND (o_orderdate < '1995-01-01 00:00:00'::timestamp without time zone)) Buffers: shared hit=2 read=6236 -> Hash (cost=35292.22..35292.22 rows=300000 width=38) (actual time=1785.804..1785.804 rows=300963 loops=1) Buckets: 32768 Batches: 1 Memory Usage: 21162kB Buffers: shared hit=114227 read=31951 -> Nested Loop (cost=905.09..35292.22 rows=300000 width=38) (actual time=36.770..1544.307 rows=300963 loops=1) Buffers: shared hit=114227 read=31951 -> Nested Loop (cost=0.00..14.07 rows=5 width=30) (actual time=0.059..0.161 rows=5 loops=1) Join Filter: (nation.n_regionkey = region.r_regionkey) Rows Removed by Join Filter: 20 Buffers: shared hit=3 -> Index Scan using pk_nation on nation (cost=0.00..12.63 rows=25 width=34) (actual time=0.009..0.051 rows=25 loops=1) Buffers: shared hit=2 -> Materialize (cost=0.00..1.07 rows=1 width=4) (actual time=0.002..0.002 rows=1 loops=25) Buffers: shared hit=1 -> Seq Scan on region (cost=0.00..1.06 rows=1 width=4) (actual time=0.026..0.027 rows=1 loops=1) Filter: (r_name = 'EUROPE'::bpchar) Rows Removed by Filter: 4 Buffers: shared hit=1 -> Bitmap Heap Scan on customer (cost=905.09..6455.63 rows=60000 width=8) (actual time=31.474..285.725 rows=60193 loops=5) Recheck Cond: (c_nationkey = nation.n_nationkey) Buffers: shared hit=114224 read=31951 -> Bitmap Index Scan on customer_c_nationkey_c_custkey_idx (cost=0.00..890.09 rows=60000 width=0) (actual time=21.153..21.153 rows=60193 loops=5) Index Cond: (c_nationkey = nation.n_nationkey) Buffers: shared hit=6 read=833 -> Hash (cost=3179.00..3179.00 rows=100000 width=8) (actual time=115.170..115.170 rows=100000 loops=1) Buckets: 16384 Batches: 1 Memory Usage: 3907kB Buffers: shared hit=2179 -> Seq Scan on supplier (cost=0.00..3179.00 rows=100000 width=8) (actual time=0.018..73.938 rows=100000 loops=1) Buffers: shared hit=2179 Total runtime: 85457.682 ms (55 rows) COMMIT; COMMIT